从个体救济到公共治理:论侵害个人信息的司法应对被引量：49

From Individual Relief to Public Governance:On the Judicial Response to Personal Information Infringement

导出

摘要个人信息司法保护的重心应从个体救济转向公共治理。在没有明确损害的案件中,个人信息权利之诉并非绝对权之诉,其性质类似执法举报,法院应承担专业化监管职能。在造成损害或实质性风险的个人信息侵权之诉中,法院应从个体赔偿救济转向合理威慑与公共治理。个人信息侵权具有大规模微型侵权的特征,以赔偿为主要目标不仅面临损害不确定、因果关系复杂等问题,而且无法实现风险预防与群体保护。个人信息侵权的损害界定、归责原则、因果关系、救济措施应根据合理威慑目标而重构。侵权法也应与其他制度互动,个人信息侵权终审胜诉应自动触发检察公益诉讼。个人信息侵权揭示了领域法中的部门法关系,领域法治理应坚持部门法的制度演化与协同。 The focus of judicial response to personal information infringement should be shifted from individual relief to public governance.In cases where there is no clear damage,the private enforcement of personal information rights is not an absolute right lawsuit,and its nature is similar to law enforcement reporting.The court should assume the professional regulatory function.In the lawsuit of personal information infringement that causes damage or substantial risk,the court should shift from individual compensation relief to reasonable deterrence and public governance.Personal information infringement has the characteristics of large-scale and micro infringement.Taking compensation as the main target,it not only faces the problems of uncertain damage and complicated causality,but also fails to achieve risk prevention and group protection.The definition of damage,liability principle,causality and relief measures of personal information infringement should be reconstructed according to the reasonable deterrent objective.The tort law should also interact with other systems,and the final judgment of personal information infringement should automatically trigger the procuratorial public interest litigation.Personal information infringement reveals the relationship between department laws in different domains.The governance of domain laws should adhere to the principle of institutional evolution and coordination of department laws.

作者丁晓东 Ding Xiaodong(the Law School of Renmin University of China;the Law and Technology Institute)

机构地区中国人民大学法学院中国人民大学未来法治研究院

出处《国家检察官学院学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第5期103-120,共18页 Journal of National Prosecutors College

关键词个人信息侵权损害威慑归责原则因果关系司法保护 Personal Information Infringement Damage Deterrence Attribution Principle Causality Judicial Protection

分类号 D926.2 [政治法律—法学]

作者简介丁晓东,中国人民大学法学院教授、未来法治研究院副院长。