摘要
数据要素市场的高质量发展,需要良好的竞争秩序,以确保市场主体公平自由地展开市场竞争,推动数据高效流转与使用,进而提升数据作为新型生产要素的效率。目前我国数据要素市场的运行在企业(经营者)行为、市场结构和国家(政府)干预三个层面均存在问题,主要表现为企业新型不正当竞争和垄断行为冲击现有竞争秩序、区域数据交易平台林立易形成统一市场的区域分割、政府不当干预滋生行政性垄断风险等,不利于数据要素市场公平自由竞争秩序的形成。故此,文章建议通过完善针对企业新型不正当竞争和垄断行为的竞争规范、构建国内统一的数据要素交易市场、加强公平竞争审查和政府数据开放以防治行政性垄断,在统筹多方主体利益和平衡多元价值需求的基础上,科学合理地营造数据要素市场的竞争秩序,推进数据要素市场各主体间的有效竞争,为数据要素市场的高质量发展营造公平自由与安全高效的竞争法治环境。
At present,Chinese data element market construction has entered a period of rapid development,which has become an important part of promoting the development of socialist market economy and deepening the reform of factor marketization.Competition mechanism is one of the basic mechanisms of market economy.The realization of the core connotation of high-quality development of data element markets needs the promotion of competition mechanism.However,there are problems in the operation of China’s data element markets at present in enterprise(operator)behavior,market structure and state(government)intervention:Firstly,the new unfair competition and monopoly behavior of enterprises in data element markets have an impact on the market competition order;secondly,the construction of regional data trading platform has the possibility of cutting off the regional market;thirdly,the government’s improper intervention in data element markets is likely to breed administrative monopoly.Therefore,how to maintain the competition order of data element markets according to its own characteristics,and then realize the scientific and efficient data circulation,has become an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,we should solve the problems in three aspects,and promote the establishment of benign competition ecosystem of data element markets:Firstly,for the new types of unfair competition and monopoly behavior in data element markets,we should promote the identification standard of unfair competition behavior,the relevant market definition of monopoly behavior and the improvement of anti-competitive effect evaluation system,so as to build a dynamic,flexible and efficient system of competition law;secondly,we should speed up the construction of domestic unified data element markets,break the regional market barriers,and promote the construction of national data element markets,so as to realize the cross regional flow of data;thirdly,for the problem of administrative monopoly in the process of data element market construction,we should strengthen the standardization of government administrative behavior,implement the fair competition review system,improve or abolish the policies that have a negative impact on competition,accelerate the promotion of government data opening,and improve the quantity and quality of government data opening,so as to avoid the improper interference of administrative power from damaging the competition mechanism.Through the solution of the three problems,we should coordinate the interests of various parties and balance the needs of multiple values,create a scientific and reasonable competition order in data element markets,promote the effective competition,and create a data element markets.
作者
陈兵
赵秉元
Chen Bing;Zhao Bingyuan(Law School,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)
出处
《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期3-16,33,共15页
Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“全球数据竞争中人权基准的考量与促进研究”(19JJD820009)
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“数字经济与竞争法治研究”(19FFXB028)
关键词
数据要素市场
数据竞争
竞争法治
公平自由
安全高效
data element markets
data competition
competition rule of law
fair and free
safe and efficient
作者简介
陈兵(1980—),男,湖北荆州人,南开大学法学院教授、博士生导师;赵秉元(1998—),男,浙江杭州人,南开大学法学院硕士研究生。
