摘要
学界普遍认为,个人信息处理中知情同意规则的适用困境主要表现于隐私政策场景中。“信息区分说”“行为区分说”和“动态同意说”等既有学说旨在破解“知情同意困境”,但均存在难以克服的缺陷。作为知情同意规则的理论基础的“理性人假设”与“个人信息自我控制理论”均难以应用于隐私政策场景,其根源在于私法自治固有的限度。隐私政策的格式条款属性和“有限理性人”的理论假设表明,运用格式条款规则规制隐私政策是更好的解决方案。具体而言,一是运用订入规则,将网络服务者未履行提示义务的重大利害关系条款排除在合意之外;二是运用黑名单、灰名单制度和诚实信用原则控制隐私政策条款的效力;三是运用解释规则平衡网络服务者与信息主体之间的利益。
It is generally recognized by academia that there are difficulties in the application of the“informed consent”rule to personal information processing,which is mainly reflected in privacy policy.“Information differentiation theory”,“behavior differentiation theory”and“dynamic consent theory”,aim to solve the dilemma of informed consent,but they all have insuperable defects.Both the“rational man hypothesis”and“personal information self-control theory”,which are the theoretical basis of informed consent rules,are difficult to be applied to privacy policy,due to the inherent limits of autonomy of private law.The standard terms attribute of privacy policy and the theoretical hypothesis of“bounded rational person”show that it is a better solution to regulate privacy policy by using standard terms rules.Specifically,first,we can use prescribed rules to exclude the major interest clauses that fail to fulfill the obligation of prompt from the consensus.Second,we can use blacklist,greylist system and the principle of good faith to control the effectiveness of privacy policy.Third,we can use interpretation rules to balance the interests between network servers and users.
出处
《法制与社会发展》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第2期210-224,共15页
Law and Social Development
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“《民法典》第580条第2款的教义学研究”(22CFX026)的阶段性成果
关键词
知情同意
个人信息
隐私政策
格式条款
Informed Consent
Personal Information
Privacy Policy
Standard Terms
作者简介
王俐智,吉林大学法学院讲师。
