摘要
坚持统筹发展与安全,将安全发展贯穿国家发展各领域和全过程,需要积极推进应急管理体系与能力现代化,强化突发事件风险预防。在总体国家安全观的引领下,政府对于安全生产的理解正在发生显著的变化:在如何定义安全上,凸显安全生产的政治属性;在谁来保障安全上,强化安全生产的政府职责;在怎样实现安全上,增加安全生产的政策注意力;在是否足够安全上,提升安全生产的公众感知度。这四个维度的变化共同推动中国安全生产的转型:在全球风险社会的背景下,为满足公众的安全需求,在其与企业的结构性关系上,政府的角色正由"兜底"转向"牵引"。基于"江苏样本"的实践探索证明了这一转型对于推动安全生产风险预防的有效性。在理论上,中国安全生产转型的实践探索可为应急管理的既有知识体系提供补充,主要包括:应急管理的兴起和发展带来政府职责边界的扩展;全球风险社会的治理存在价值引领的机制;政府主导有利于推动安全生产风险预防实现集体绩效的最大化。
Adhere to the overall planning of development and security,and ensure that security development runs through all areas and the entire process of national governance.It is necessary to actively promote the modernization of the emergency management system and capabilities,and strengthen the prevention of risks.Under the guidance of the Overall National Security Outlook,the government’s understanding of work safety is undergoing significant changes:how to define safety,highlighting the political attributes of work safety;in terms of who will ensure safety,strengthening the government’s responsibility for work safe;in terms of how to achieve safety,increasing the policy attention of work safety;in terms of whether it is safe enough,promoting public perception of work safety.The changes in these four dimensions have jointly facilitated the structural transformation of China’s work safety:in terms of the relationship with enterprises,the government has shifted from“ultimate respondent”to“initial enabler”to ensure the security of the public in a global risk society.Practical exploration based on the“Jiangsu sample”proves that this structural transformation is effective in promoting risk prevention of work safety.In theory,the practical exploration of China’s work safety transformation provides inspiration for the supplement or revision of emergency management knowledge:the rise and development of emergency management has brought about the expansion of government responsibility boundaries;the governance of a global risk society depends on value guidance;government leadership promote the maximization of the collective performance of emergency management.
作者
张海波
Zhang Haibo(School of Government,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023)
出处
《中国行政管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期119-127,共9页
Chinese Public Administration
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“提升我国应急管理体系与能力现代化水平研究”(编号:20&ZD160)
国家自然科学基金创新群体“环境风险管理”(编号:71921003)
关键词
总体国家安全观
安全生产
应急管理
风险预防
overall national security outlook
work safety
emergency management
risk prevention
作者简介
张海波,南京大学政府管理学院教授、博导、副院长,南京大学社会风险与公共危机管理研究中心执行主任,南京210033
