总体国家安全观视角下基层应急管理体系的建构逻辑与优化路径——基于上海市X街道的实证研究

System Construction and Optimization Path of Grassroots Emergency Management under a Holistic Approach to National Security——An Empirical Study of X Sub-district in Shanghai

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摘要应急管理是维护国家安全和社会稳定的重要防线,近年来基层应急管理体系建设得到了国家的高度关注。通过对上海市X街道应急管理体系建构的全景式描述和过程研究,发现基层应急管理体系呈现以街道应急管理委员会为核心的层级式组织架构,各级相关单位、部门、机构和社区居民、企业等主体在互动中形成了水平合作协调与垂直联动贯通的应急关系网络。基层应急管理围绕值守应急、预案编制、信息收报、应急动员、应急响应、应急处置等关键节点基本形成了“事前—事中—事后”的全生命周期应急管理闭环体系。另外,研究也发现基层应急管理体系在发挥作用的同时存在着人员、技术、资源、组织等方面的问题与挑战。基于此,本文从总体国家安全观视角出发,围绕纵向安全生命周期的时间逻辑和横向应急管理合作的关系逻辑为基层应急管理体系建设提出具体的优化路径。 Emergency management is an important line of defense for maintaining national security and social stability.In recent years,the construction of grassroots emergency management systems has received high attention from the country.Through a panoramic description and process study of the construction of the emergency management system in X subdistrict,Shanghai,it was found that the grassroots emergency management system presents a hierarchical organizational structure with the street emergency management committee as the core.Relevant units,departments,institutions,community residents,enterprises,and other entities at all levels form a horizontal cooperation coordination and vertical linkage emergency relationship network through interaction.Grassroots emergency management has basically formed a full lifecycle emergency management closed-loop system of“Pre Event-During Event-Post Event”around key nodes such as on duty emergency,plan preparation,information collection and reporting,emergency mobilization,emergency response,and emergency response.Besides,the research has also found that the grassroots emergency management system has problems and challenges in personnel,technology,resources,organization,and other aspects while playing a role.Based on this,this article proposes specific optimization paths for the construction of grassroots emergency management systems from the perspective of the overall national security perspective,focusing on the temporal logic of the vertical security lifecycle and the relationship logic of horizontal emergency management cooperation.

作者王川兰曹英君胡潇月 Wang Chuanlan;Cao Yingjun;Hu Xiaoyue

机构地区复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院复旦大学社会治理研究中心

出处《中国应急管理科学》 2024年第3期85-99,共15页 Journal of China Emergency Management Science

基金上海市浦江人才计划项目“后疫情背景下基层社区风险治理中的合作网络与影响机制研究”(2020PJC006)

关键词总体国家安全观基层社会应急管理体系建设 Overall View of National Security Grassroots Society Emergency Management System Construction

分类号 D63 [政治法律—中外政治制度]

作者简介王川兰,复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院副教授、复旦大学社会治理研究中心副主任;曹英君,复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院硕士研究生;胡潇月,复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院硕士研究生。