“志行兼具”抑或“志行脱节”:“强基计划”本科生科研志向与参与的实证研究

Research Aspiration-Participation Alignment or Discrepancy:An Empirical Study Among Undergraduate Students in the Strengthening Basic Disciplines Plan

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摘要聚焦强基计划本科生科研志向与参与行为的协同发展问题,基于自我同一性理论,采用混合方法对某强基计划试点高校2020—2023级强基生展开实证研究。发现相较于统招生,强基生中“志行兼具”型比例更高,“志行双缺”型比例更低,体现强基计划选拔与早期科研介入的成效。但强基生中“有行无志”型比例高达40%,高于统招生的35%,表明其科研志向与参与行为存在脱节。学科异质性表现为理学强基生因升学压力将科研工具化,工学强基生受制于培养方案刚性,人文强基生受朋辈竞争驱动被动参与。基于此,提出构建过程性考核体系、学科差异化“兴趣、项目”匹配机制及强化教师价值引导等建议。 This study focuses on the synergistic development of research aspiration and participation behavior among undergraduate students enrolled in the Strengthening Basic Disciplines Plan(SBD Plan).Based on identity theory and employing a mixed-methods approach,we conducted empirical research on SBD students enrolled in a pilot university of the SBD Plan from 2020 to 2023.Compared to regular admission students,SBD students exhibit a higher proportion of the“cohesion”type and a lower proportion of the“dual deficiency”type.This demonstrates the effectiveness of the SBD Plan’s selection process and early research intervention.However,a significant 40%of SBD students fall into the“participation without aspiration”type,higher than the 35%observed among regular admission students,indicating a disconnection between their research aspiration and participation behavior.Disciplinary heterogeneity manifests as follows:natural sciences students often instrumentalize research due to postgraduate pressure;engineering students are constrained by rigid training programs;humanities students participate passively driven by peer competition.Based on these findings,we propose recommendations including establishing a process-oriented assessment system,implementing discipline-specific“interest-project”matching mechanisms,and strengthening faculty value guidance.

作者赵书艺郑翔睿马莉萍 ZHAO Shuyi;ZHENG Xiangrui;MA Liping(Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区北京大学教育学院北京大学教育经济研究所

出处《中国高教研究》北大核心 2025年第8期39-47,共9页 China Higher Education Research

基金北京市哲学社会科学基金规划重点项目“强基计划下拔尖创新人才选拔与培养的追踪研究”(23JYA002)的研究成果。

关键词强基计划科研志向科研参与学科异质性 Strengthening Basic Disciplines Plan research aspiration research participation disciplinary heterogeneity

分类号 G642 [文化科学—高等教育学]

作者简介赵书艺,北京大学教育学院博士后研究人员,北京100871;郑翔睿,北京大学教育学院博士研究生,北京100871;通讯作者:马莉萍,北京大学教育经济研究所长聘副教授,北京100871。