网络谣言刑事治理中平台责任扩张的反思与纠偏

Reflection and Correction of Platform Responsibility Expansion in the Criminal Governance of Network Rumors

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摘要网络谣言刑事治理中存在平台责任扩张趋势,使平台陷入能力不足、权力膨胀以及权利受损的困境。以个人责任为重点的传统网络谣言治理模式存在局限性,为契合网络谣言现代治理需要,应当肯定平台的责任主体地位。在网络谣言传播场域中,平台通过主导场域内资本竞争、构建信息茧房影响用户惯习的方式控制网络信息流动。立足于平台技术特点及其在网络谣言传播场域中的相对位置,兼顾互联网创新发展以及公民言论自由保护,平台应当履行事前中立义务与事后配合执法义务。在平台不履行事前中立义务的场合,需要从其传播行为、危害结果类型以及主观罪过等方面划定其刑事责任边界。在平台不履行事后配合执法义务的场合,应依据拒不履行信息网络安全管理义务罪认定其刑事责任。 There is an expanding trend of platform responsibility in the criminal governance of network rumors,which makes the platform fall into the prison of insufficient ability,power expansion and right damage in the process of network rumors governance.The traditional governance model focusing on individual responsibility has its limitations,and affirming the platform's responsibility subject status is in line with the requirements of modern governance of network rumors.In the field of network rumor propagation,the platform controls the flow of network information by dominating the capital competition in the field and building information cocoons to influence user habitus.Based on the technical characteristics of the platform and its relative position in the field of online rumor dissemination,and taking into account the innovative development of the Internet and the protection of citizens'freedom of speech,the platform should undertake the obligation of neutrality and cooperation in law enforcement.When the platform does not fulfill the neutrality obligation,it is necessary to delimit the boundary of its criminal responsibility from the aspects of the platform's communication behavior,the type of harm result and the determination of subjective crime.In the event that the platform does not perform the obligation to cooperate with law enforcement,its criminal responsibility should be determined according to the crime of refusing to perform the obligation of information network security management.

作者王闻 WANG Wen(Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)

机构地区中山大学

出处《东北农业大学学报(社会科学版)》 2025年第3期11-22,共12页 Journal of Northeast Agricultural University:Social Science Edition

基金教育部人文社会科学研究项目“香港特别行政区《维护国家安全条例》与普通法国家有关罪名比较研究”(JBF202411)。

关键词网络谣言平台责任场域理论中立义务配合执法义务 network rumors platform responsibility field theory the duty of neutrality obligation to cooperate with law enforcement

分类号 D924 [政治法律—刑法学]

作者简介王闻,中山大学法学院博士研究生,中山大学网络犯罪研究中心(广东省网络犯罪研究基地)研究助理,研究方向为刑法学。