摘要
加密货币是区块链最重要的衍生品。目前,国内外学者均在试图缓和新兴科技与传统私法之间的紧张关系,理论界关于加密货币流通私法保护模式的研究已经颇具规模,但尽管这些研究对明确区块链法治与加密货币流通案件当事人权利义务具有积极意义,却大多忽略了加密货币流通案件的涉外性。而案件的涉外性直接影响其管辖权和法律适用,加之各国对区块链相关概念的定义存在巨大法律冲突,若案件不经冲突规范指引径直适用各国部门法进行审理,将导致各国对类似案件做出不同的判决,使针对加密货币流通案件当事人的私法保护出现体系性差别。因此,有必要从国际私法角度重新审视加密货币流通的私法保护问题,识别加密货币流通应由哪个部门法保护和调整。具体而言,首先要强调加密货币流通案件涉外因素的判定,明确其涉外因素应源自区块链的运行模式与互联网的无国界属性;其次要在案件涉外性确定后,充分发挥国际私法的工具价值,对案件事实进行识别,同时考虑经识别确定的冲突规范能否缓和法律冲突,能否增强法律的可预测性。
Cryptocurreny is the most important derivative of blockchain.At present,scholars around the world have tried to ease the tension between this new technology and traditional private law.In the academic field,the preliminary research on the private law protection mode of cryptocurrency circulation has been well established.It is true that the preliminary study has positive significance for the clarification of the rights and obligations of the parties to the cryptocurrency case,but the foreign elements of cryptocurrency cases are ignored.The foreign element will have direct effect on right of jurisdiction and application of law,and there are significant legal conflicts among countries in terms of blockchain related definitions.If cases are not guided by conflict laws but directly apply domestic laws for trial,it will lead to different judgments on similar cases in various countries,and there will be systemic differences in the private law protection of parties to cryptocurrency transactions.So,it is necessary for us to reconsider the private law protection of cryptocurrency circulation from the perspective of private international law.In fact,exploring which law protects and regulates the circulation of cryptocurrency is an characterisation issue in private international law.Therefore,the author first emphasizes the determination of foreign elements in cryptocurrency cases,and makes it clear that the foreign elements are derived from the operation mode of the blockchain and the borderless nature of the Internet;and second,after determining the foreign-related nature of the case,it is necessary to give full play to the tool value of private international law to characterise the facts of the case,and it is also necessary to consider whether the identified conflict norms are conducive to the alleviation of legal conflicts and whether they can enhance the predictability of the law.
作者
梁庭瑜
LIANG Ting-yu(Institute of Private International Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)
出处
《中国流通经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期105-114,共10页
China Business and Market
关键词
区块链
加密货币流通
涉外因素
国际私法
识别
blockchain
cryptocurrency circulation
foreign elements
private international law
characterisation
作者简介
梁庭瑜(1990-),男,河南省安阳市人,武汉大学国际法研究所博士研究生,主要研究方向为国际私法。
