当代中国的代际流动模式及其变迁被引量：158

Changes in the Pattern of Intergenerational Mobility in Contemporary China

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摘要利用三次中国综合社会调查数据,分析60余年中国社会阶层代际流动的基本状况及其变迁。研究发现,我国总体社会流动率逐步提升,社会开放性呈波浪式变化,而代际继承在各个时期都是代际流动的主导模式。随着社会经济体制的转型,社会排斥的主要机制从"体制排斥"转向"市场排斥",导致社会机会结构的变迁,代际流动形态也发生重要变化,主要表现为,特定阶层的代际继承优势逐渐下降,跨阶层的循环流动越来越困难。社会排斥机制的转变能够提高社会开放性,从而激发社会活力,增强社会合法性;但如果社会优势阶层利用市场排斥机制实现阶层再生产,则未来中国社会仍然存在阶层固化的可能性。 Using data from three China General Social Surveys,we analyze the basic situation and changing trends in intergenerational mobility among Chinese social strata over the past 60 years.Our research finds that overall mobility is rising and social openness shows a wave-like pattern,but intergenerational inheritance remains the dominant model in intergenerational mobility in different periods.In the course of socioeconomic transition,the main mechanism of social exclusion has changed from 'systemic exclusion' to 'market exclusion,' leading to changes in the structure of social opportunity and a transformation in patterns of intergenerational mobility.The main changes are a decline in inherited advantages among specific strata and the growing difficulty of cyclical cross-strata mobility.Changes in the mechanism of social exclusion can boost social openness,stimulating social dynamism and strengthening social legitimacy.But if superior strata use the market exclusion mechanism in the interests of their own reproduction,social strata in China may yet harden.

作者李路路朱斌

机构地区中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心中国人民大学社会学系

出处《中国社会科学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2015年第5期40-58,204,共19页 Social Sciences in China

关键词代际流动市场转型市场排斥

分类号 O212.1 [理学—概率论与数理统计] D669 [政治法律—中外政治制度]

作者简介李路路，中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心教授（北京100872）；朱斌，中国人民大学社会学系博士研究生（北京100872）。

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