摘要
为提高新《公司法》立法质量,践行其历史使命,增强其全球竞争力,我国应推进公司法全面现代化,全面尊重和鼓励公司理性自治,提升公司法的可诉性和可裁性,兼顾立法的前瞻性与连续性,确保公司法体系的和谐统一,择优借鉴国际先进经验,优化公司组织类型,重构公司立法体例。鼓励公司在理性自治基础上进行章程个性化设计,承认章程详略文本的二元化惯例;建议明确强制性规定中的效力性规范,私法规范中的强制性规范均为效力性规范,私法规范不应被肢解为效力性规范与管理性规范。"立法宜粗不宜细"的思路应升级为"宜细不宜粗"的新模式;要增强公司法规范的可诉性、可裁性与可执行性,慎用模糊语词,适度增加程序规范,预留制度接口,增加争讼解决条款,激活股东代表仲裁与公司决议效力仲裁机制;建议《公司法》设股东权利专章,确立股东协会制度,明确不同权利行使与救济的优先序。消除同案不同判现象的治本之策在于靶向立法。要重视解决法律规避现象,废除恶法条款,堵塞良法漏洞。建议立法者取消股份有限公司与有限责任公司的二分法,采取统一的"公司"概念,仅在涉及特殊类型公司时标注特殊公司。新《公司法》可由现有13章重组扩张为17章。
To respond to the challenge of global economy recession and to improve the global competitiveness of new Chinese Corporate Law,it is necessary to reform the Corporate Law comprehensively and systematically,to respect corporate rational autonomy,to improve the suability and enforceability of Corporate Law,to introduce the best practice from both common law and civil law families,and to restructure the legislative framework in democratic and inclusive process.Rational corporate autonomy and tailor-made bylaws should be respected.The dual bylaws of detailed and simplified versions should be respected.The invalidating mandatory rules should be clarified.All mandatory rules of private law are invalidating.Private law rules should not be classified into invalidating rules and administrative rules.The rudimentary legislative philosophy should be updated to accurate and precise model.Suability,justiciability and enforceability of legal rules should be strengthened.Ambiguous wording should be avoided.Procedural rules,institutional adaptor and dispute settlement clause should be introduced.Separate chapter on shareholder’rights and shareholder association should be created.Target legislation is the solution to the problem of different rulings on the same type of disputes.Legal Evasion should be addressed by eliminating bad rules and plugging legal loopholes.The dichotomy of limited liability company and joint stock company should be abolished,and the general concept of"corporation"shall be adopted,except for the cases of special categories of corporations.New Corporate Law should be restructured and expanded to seventeen chapters.
出处
《法学杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期1-20,共20页
Law Science Magazine
基金
全国人大常委会法工委2019年度重点课题“公司法修改研究”的核心研究成果
关键词
新公司法
公司自治
可诉可裁
靶向修法
同案不同判
new corporate law
corporate autonomy
suability and enforceability
targeting legislative reform
different rulings on the same type of disputes
作者简介
刘俊海(1969—),男,汉族,河北泊头人,中国人民大学法学院教授、博士生导师。
