摘要
案外人申请不予执行仲裁裁决制度旨在救济因虚假仲裁而受损的案外人权益,其针对对象并非正确裁决。但在实践中,该制度却开始误用于正确裁决。究其原因,是执行正确裁决也可能导致案外人权益受损。但是,对于正确裁判,学理上建议根据既判力相对性原则,确保案外人原则上不受生效裁决约束,通过执行异议、执行异议之诉、代偿执行、执行和解以及另诉等方式获得救济。借助于既判力相对性原则及其配套制度,虚假仲裁的案外人亦可在不受生效裁决约束的情况下,直接对虚假仲裁的当事人提起侵权之诉。由此可见,仲裁案外人权益救济机制的未来,是根据既判力相对性原则及其配套制度对正确裁决和错误裁决的效力范围进行一体化设计,此时便无须对案外人申请不予执行仲裁裁决作单独规定。
The system of outsiders applications for non-enforcement of arbitral awards aims to remedy the damage to the rights and interests of third parties caused by false arbitration.Its target is definitely not correct rulings.But in practice,this system has begun to be wrongly applied to correct rulings.The reason is that enforcing correct rulings may also damage the rights and interests of third parties.However,for correct judgments,academics suggest that according to the principle of relative effect of res judicata,outsiders should not be bound by effective rulings in principle.They can obtain remedies through objections to enforcement,lawsuits against enforcement,compensatory enforcement,enforcement settlement and separate lawsuits.With the help of the principle of the relativity of res judicata and its supporting system,the outsiders involved in a false arbitration can also get relief,and it is even possible to directly crack down on the false civil juristic acts behind a false arbitration.The future of the mechanism for relief of outsiders’rights and interests in arbitration cases is to restrict the effectiveness of correct rulings and erroneous rulings in an integrated manner according to the principle of relative effectiveness of judgments and its supporting systems.There is no need to separately stipulate he system of applying for non-enforcement of arbitral awards by the outsiders.
出处
《商事仲裁与调解》
2023年第2期60-74,共15页
Commercial Arbitration & Mediation
基金
上海仲裁委员会开放基金项目“亚太仲裁中心建设对仲裁员制度的挑战及其回应”
北京市社会科学基金规划项目“北京自动驾驶示范应用中的人工智能关键技术法律规制问题及对策研究”(项目编号:20FXC028)
中国社会科学院青年科研启动项目“国际商事仲裁裁决既判力问题研究”(项目编号:2021YQNQD0045)的资助
关键词
虚假仲裁
既判力
执行力
虚假法律行为
false arbitration
res judicata
the execution power
false juristic act
作者简介
武振国,中国政法大学国际法学院博士研究生。
