摘要
《农村土地承包法》的修法工作浓缩展现了新土地改革的制度成果,对农村土地制度的可持续发展有着深刻意义。但从基本法理、乡村实践与理性逻辑等角度对其加以审视,该法仍存在不少有待完善之处。首先,立法价值方面,该法在对公正与效率的追求上,有顾此失彼之嫌,使得多方主体利益难以保持平衡,亟待矫正。其次,从社会实践观察,土地经营权等重要制度的权利配置与运行规则,与实践经验相背离,徒增社会矛盾与司法裁判成本。最后,在遵循法律严谨性与立法科学性的要求下,新修订的法律文本存在一系列问题,如常识概念使用不规范、章节名称严谨性不足、制度设计欠缺科学性、同类问题互相矛盾与不协调、忽视乡土实践中重要制度修正的认知等。
The Revision of the Law on Land Contract in Rural Areas has reflected the achievements of the new land reform system and has profound great significance for the sustainable development of the agricultural land system.However,there are still many problems to be improved in terms of the fundamental legal theories,rural practice as well as rational logic.Firstly,as far as the legislative value is concerned,the Law has not kept the balance between fairness and efficiency,which makes it difficult to maintain the balance of interests of multi-stakeholders.Secondly,in tenns of requirements of legal rigor and legislative scientific nature,the Law Revision has many problems including improper use of some common sense concepts,inaccurate terms of chapters and sections,unscientific design of some specific systems,contradictory and inconsistent regulations on the same issues,and lack of reasonable recognition on the rural practice etc.
基金
国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国特色土地管理法律制度完善研究”(18ZDA151)的阶段性成果
关键词
土地承包经营权
土地经营权
立法价值
实践逻辑
科学立法
Right to land contractual management
Land management right
Legislative value
Logic of practice
Scientific legislation
作者简介
陈小君:广东外语外贸大学土地法制研究院教授
