医疗数据共享之私权激励与行为规制被引量：1

Private Law Incentives and Behavioral Regulation in Medical Data Sharing

在线阅读下载PDF

导出

摘要当前,医疗数据囤积的“数据孤岛”现象与不当利用行为频频发生,容易引发抑制竞争与创新、隐私权与知识产权侵权、互操作性受阻等挑战,因而需要制度层面合理的界权保护及其运行机制调整。一方面医疗数据可携权滥觞于民法上的健康权与人格权保护,另一方面医疗数据使用权源起自私法上对财产性利益的权利保护,其中的知识产权特征凸显。同时,法律制度的核心激励在于私法上的确权保护,并在技术支持背景下辅之以其他制度的协同共治,特别是公共利益维度,比如宪法层面的价值指引和反垄断法层面的行政监管与干预。故此,有必要构建医疗数据可携权与使用权形成合力的“二元权利架构”激励机制,即以私法赋权激励为主、公法行为规制为辅,并以数据信托为理论基点、医疗数据池打造为具体操作,实现医疗数据共享的公私法协同适用与社会福祉的提升。 The current prevalence of medical data hoarding,manifesting as"data silos",coupled with frequent instances of improper data utilization,readily gives rise to challenges such as suppressed competition and innovation,infringements on privacy and intellectual property rights,and hindered interoperability.Consequently,there is a pressing need for a reasonable in-stitutional framework for rights delineation and protection,along with adjustments to its opera-tional mechanisms.On one hand,the right to data portability in medical data originates from the protection of health and personality rights in civil law.On the other hand,the right to use medi-cal data stems from the protection of proprietary interests under private law,with prominent in-tellectual property characteristics.Simultaneously,Core legal incentive lies in private law's robust rights confirmation and protection,complemented by coordinated co-governance with other insti-tutions under technological support,particularly in the public interest dimension,such as consti-tutional value guidance and antitrust law's administrative supervision and intervention.Thus,a"dual rights architecture"incentive mechanism,where the medical data portability right and the right to use medical data coalesce,is formed.This mechanism primarily relies on private law em-powerment incentives,supplemented by public law behavioral regulation,and is grounded in data trusts as a theoretical basis,with the creation of medical data pools as a concrete operation,thereby achieving synergistic public and private law application for medical data sharing and en-hancing social welfare.

作者吴桂德 Wu Guide

机构地区北京航空航天大学法学院

出处《东方法学》北大核心 2025年第4期168-182,共15页 Oriental Law

基金 2023年度国家社科基金项目“私法视阈下数据商业化利用规则研究”(项目批准号:23CFX024)的阶段性研究成果

关键词数据医疗数据医疗数据可携权医疗数据使用权知识产权数据共享 data medical data medical data portability right medical data use right intel-lectual property data sharing

分类号 DF51 [政治法律—民商法学]

作者简介吴桂德,北京航空航天大学法学院副教授。