摘要
生态环境保护的统一立法有必要明确规定自然资源管制性征收制度,以确保公权力依法限制自然资源财产权利的行使,并对权利人给予全面补偿。自然资源管制性征收制度作为生态环境法典的重要内容,应当遵循和体现生态环境法典的利益平衡等基本原则。自然资源管制性征收制度的公共利益目的要件应当满足以保护森林、湿地、草原、自然保护地等自然资源的数量、质量和生态功能为目的。自然资源的管制行为是由公权力机关实施的限制民事主体自然资源相关权利行使的行政行为。管制行为对自然资源权利人的限制程度超过该权利人应承担的一般社会义务时,构成应当给予补偿的特别牺牲。管制性征收的补偿应涵盖对权利人遭受的所有损失的完全补偿,补偿义务主体为国家,补偿权利主体为遭受损害的自然资源使用权人,补偿程序包括自然资源现状调查、社会稳定风险评估补偿方案的制定、公告和听证以及补偿协议的签订等内容。
Unified legislation for ecological and environmental protection needs to clearly stipulate the system of regulatory expropriation of natural resources to ensure that public power lawfully restricts the exercise of natural resource property rights and provides comprehensive compensation to rights holders.As an important component of the ecological and environmental code,the system of regulatory expropriation of natural resources should adhere to and reflect the basic principles of interest balance embodied in the ecological and environmental code.The public interest requirements of the regulatory expropriation system should aim to protect the quantity,quality,and ecological functions of natural resources such as forests,wetlands,grasslands,and nature reserves.The regulatory actions regarding natural resources are administrative actions implemented by public authorities to restrict the exercise of relevant rights of civil subjects over natural resources.When the extent of these restrictions on natural resource rights holders exceeds the general social obligations that these rights holders should bear,it constitutes a special sacrifice that warrants compensation.Compensation for regulatory expropriation should cover all losses suffered by the rights holders,with the state as the compensation obligor and the rights holders of the damaged natural resource use rights as the compensation recipients.The compensation process includes the investigation of the status of natural resources,social stability risk assessment,and formulation of compensation plans,public announcement and hearings,and the signing of compensation agreements.
作者
李敏
LI Min(School of Law,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Hunan Province Ecological Safety Inspection Theory Research Center,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2024年第4期69-78,共10页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology（Social Sciences）
基金
国家社科基金一般项目(20BFX160)。
关键词
自然资源
管制性征收
征收补偿
生态环境
natural resources
regulatory expropriation
expropriation compensation
ecological environment
作者简介
第一作者:李敏(13267367@qq.com),教授,博士,硕士生导师。
