摘要
科学教育是实现科技创新人才自主培养的主阵地,对科学教育的内涵追问与方法探索是推动新时代科学教育加法落地的重要根基。科学教育研究科学如何成为人的主动学习行为,体现在科学知识内容、过程方法、教学规律和社会互动之中。本文通过对科学教育的内涵、问题和方法的探寻以深度回应新时代科学教育关键议题。科学教育的本质内涵在演化中逐渐丰富,发展至今已形成关涉认知、行为、情感和社会等多重愿景的交互表征。时代性的政策演进与多元化的学科主题诠释了科学教育的发展阶段,素养导向的人才观念和连续贯通的培养理念成为当代科学教育的育人趋势。科学教育的核心问题体现在学生的学和教师的教及其互动的过程中,我国科学教育教与学呈现出一些突出问题,即学生高学业成就的背后表现为低水平思维与情感技能,教师专于学科教学而弱于跨学科和探究式教学,学生擅长双基掌握而缺乏高阶思维培养。因此,我国科学教育研究应当广泛开展基于新兴技术和生理证据的实证与跨学科交叉研究,有效推进概念转变、元认知、科学论证、推理和建模等高阶思维教学实践,深入挖掘科学教育中的教与学规律,以达成科学教育的育人目标。
Science education is the main battlefield for achieving independent cultivation of scientific and technological innovation talents,and exploring the connotation and methods of science education is an important foundation for promoting the implementation of science education addition in the new era.Science education is to study how science becomes human active learning action,which is embodied in the knowledge content,process methods,teaching rules and social interaction in the field of science education.This paper explores its essence,core problems and pathways to deeply reflect the important issues of science education in the new era.The essential connotation of science education has gradually enriched in its evolution.So far,it has formed an interactive representation involving multiple visions such as cognition,behavior,emotion and society.The policy evolution of the times and the diversified subjects'themes explain the stage of the development of science education.The concept of competence-oriented talent and the continuous cultivation concept have become the educational trend of contemporary science education.The core issues of science education are reflected in the process of students'learning,teachers'teaching and their interaction in China.There are prominent problems in science education teaching and learning,namely,the low level of thinking and emotional skills behind students'high academic achievements,the weakness of teachers'specialized subject teaching compared to interdisciplinary and inquiry-based teaching,and the lack of high-level thinking cultivation for students to excel in dual foundation mastery.Therefore,scientific education research in China should extensively carry out empirical and interdisciplinary research based on emerging technologies and physiological evidence,effectively promote the teaching practice of high-level thinking such as concept transformation,metacognition,scientific argumentation,reasoning and modeling,and deeply tap the teaching and learning laws in science education to achieve the goal of educating people in science education.
作者
郑永和
周丹华
王晶莹
Yonghe Zheng;Danhua Zhou;Jingying Wang
出处
《中国远程教育》
CSSCI
2023年第9期1-9,27,共10页
Chinese Journal of Distance Education
基金
教育部教师工作司2022年度委托课题“小学科学教师专业素养的理论与实践研究”(课题编号:JSSKT2022009)的研究成果。
关键词
科学教育
科学素养
科学高阶思维
科学教育加法
科学推理
科学论证
科学建模
science education
scientific literacy
scientific high-order thinking
science education addition
scientific reasoning
scientific argumentation
scientific modeling
作者简介
郑永和,北京师范大学科学教育研究院院长、教授;周丹华,北京师范大学科学教育研究院博士研究生;通讯作者:王晶莹,北京师范大学科学教育研究院教授,wangjingying8018@126.com。
