摘要
目的了解2018—2021年上海市宝山区居民传染病防治素养变化趋势及影响因素,为今后制定相关措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,在2018—2021年间对上海市宝山区15~69岁常住居民进行问卷调查,对调查问卷中的传染病防治素养进行分析。结果上海市宝山区居民2018—2021年传染病防治素养具备率分别为21.5%、22.9%、38.5%和39.3%。具体知识点方面,2018年“咳嗽、打喷嚏的处理方法”知识点的知晓率为29.7%,“儿童疫苗接种注意事项”知识点4年的知晓率均在90%左右,不同年度间各知识点的知晓率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多元logistic回归分析显示,2018—2021年文化程度每提升1个单位,居民传染病防治素养具备率均会提升至上1单位的1.45倍左右;2019—2021年间年龄段每提升1个单位,居民传染病防治素养具备率均会降低至上1单位的0.76倍左右;2018和2020年,女性的传染病防治素养具备率为男性的1.38倍左右。结论上海市宝山区居民传染病防治素养水平逐年上升,2020年较2019年增幅较大。文化程度是居民传染病防治素养水平的主要影响因素。今后应在居民中开展针对性和持续性的相关干预工作。
Objective To investigate the trend and influencing factors of infectious disease prevention and control literacy among residents in Baoshan District of Shanghai from 2018 to 2021 so as to provide a basis for follow-up development of relevant measures.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among residents aged 15-69 years old in Baoshan District of Shanghai from 2018 to 2021,and then the literacy of infectious disease prevention and control in the questionnaire was analyzed.Results From 2018 to 2021,the literacy rates of infectious disease prevention and control literacy of residents in Baoshan District of Shanghai were 21.5%,22.9%,38.5%and 39.3%,respectively.In terms of the awareness of knowledge points related to infectious disease prevention and control literacy,the rate of the knowledge point‘treatment methods of cough and sneezing’in 2018 was 29.7%,and the rate of the knowledge point‘precautions for children in vaccination’for four years was about 90%.The differences in the awareness rate of each knowledge point between different years were statistically significant(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that when the intensity of educational level from 2018 to 2021 was increased by one unit,residents’literacy rate of infectious disease prevention and control would increase to 1.45 times that of the previous unit.From 2019 to 2021,the age group increased by one unit,the literacy rate would be reduced to about 0.76 times that of the previous unit.From 2018 and 2020,women's infectious disease prevention literacy rate was about 1.38 times that of men.Conclusion The level of residents'infectious disease prevention and control literacy in Baoshan District has increased year by year,and the increase in 2020 is larger than that in 2019.Education level is the main influencing factor of residents’infectious disease prevention and control literacy.In the future,targeted and continuous intervention should be carried out among residents.
作者
王路
Wang Lu(Baoshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201901,China)
出处
《健康教育与健康促进》
2022年第5期455-458,共4页
Health Education and Health Promotion
关键词
居民
传染病防治素养
变化趋势
影响因素
Residents
Health literacy of infectious diseases prevention
Awareness
Change trend
Influencing factor
作者简介
王路(1987-),男,上海人,本科,助理研究员,在职公共卫生硕士,主要从事健康教育工作,714660186@qq.com。
