摘要
目的了解不同性别人群健康素养水平的分布,并探讨影响健康素养水平差异的影响因素,为健康政策制定者和实施干预措施者提供科学数据。方法采用分层多阶段、PPS、整群随机抽样相关结合的方法,从11个县区中抽取55个街道(乡镇)中15~69周岁常住居民开展回顾性调查,统一使用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》,共计完成调查问卷5114份。结果2018年抚州市居民健康素养总体平均得分(34.55±13.10)分,其中男性和女性分别为(35.19±13.18)分和(33.88±12.99)分;总体健康素养水平为9.46%(95%CI:8.68%~10.27%),其中男性和女性分别为10.62%(95%CI:9.46%~11.84%)和8.25%(95%CI:7.13%~9.38%)。不同性别健康素养水平的影响因素Logistic回归分析显示:男性中,文化程度为大专及以上的健康素养水平相对于小学及以下高(OR=7.285,95%CI:3.572~14.859);家庭人口数≥6人的健康素养水平相对于1~2人低(OR=0.504,95%CI:0.337~0.754);家庭年收入≥50000元的健康素养水平相对于<10000元高(OR=1.427,95%CI:0.880~2.315);患有慢性病的健康素养水平相对于未患慢性病低(OR=0.702,95%CI:0.493~0.999);吸烟的健康素养水平相对于不吸烟低(OR=0.663,95%CI:0.495~0.889)。女性中,只有文化程度为大专及以上的健康素养水平相对于小学及以下高(OR=6.799,95%CI:3.038~15.215)。结论居民健康素养水平会受到多种人口特征学因素的影响和制约,要提高居民健康素养水平是一项庞大的社会系统工程,需要政府主导、多部门协作、全社会参与,要紧紧依托健康中国行动等战略平台基础。
Objective Understand the distribution of health literacy levels in different gender populations,and explore the influencing factors that affect the differences in health literacy levels,so as to provide scientific data for health policy makers and implementer of intervention strategies.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted on permanent residents aged 15-69 in 55 subdistricts(villages and towns)from 11 counties and districts using a combination of stratified multistage,PPS,and cluster random sampling.The"National Residents'Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire"was used uniformly in the survey,and a total of 5114 questionnaires were completed.Results In 2018,the overall average score of health literacy of residents in a city and city in Jiangxi Province was(34.55±13.10)points,males were(35.19±13.18)points,and females were(33.88±12.99)points;the overall health literacy level was 9.46%(95%CI:8.68%-10.27%),male was 10.62%(95%CI:9.46%-11.84%),and female was 8.25%(95%CI:7.13%-9.38%).Logistic regression analysis of related risk factors for health literacy levels in different genders showed that:Among the male respondents,the health literacy level of those with a college education and above is higher than that of primary school and below(OR=7.285,95%CI:3.572-14.859);the health literacy level of those with a family size more than 6 people is lower than that of 1-2 people(OR=0.504,95%CI:0.337-0.754);the health literacy of those with annual income of more than 50000 yuan is higher than that of less than 10000 yuan(OR=1.427,95%CI:0.880-2.315);the level of health literacy of those with chronic diseases is lower than that of those without chronic diseases(OR=0.702,95%CI:0.493-0.999);the level of health literacy of smokers is lower than that of non-smokers(OR=0.663,95%CI:0.495-0.889).Among the female respondents,only those with college education and above have a higher level of health literacy than those with primary school and below(OR=6.799,95%CI:3.038-15.215).Conclusion The level of residents'health literacy will be affected and restricted by a variety of demographic factors.To improve the level of residents'health literacy is a huge social system project,which requires government leadership,multi-department collaboration,and the participation of the whole society.We must closely rely on the foundation of strategic platforms such as the Healthy China Action.
作者
兰武华
万德芝
刘小兵
顾菱香
龙钢
彭志星
徐雯
杨怡阳
胡飞
LAN Wu-hua;WAN De-zhi;LIU Xiao-bing;GU Ling-xiang;LONG Gang;PENG Zhi-xing;XU Wen;YANG Yi-yang;HU Fei(Fuzhou Institute of Health Education,Fuzhou 344000,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2023年第2期175-181,共7页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
江西省卫生健康委员会科技计划(202212865)
关键词
健康素养
性别
水平差异
影响因素
Health literacy
Gender
Level difference
Influencing factors
作者简介
兰武华,男,大学本科,副主任医师,主要从事健康教育与促进工作;通信作者:胡飞,男,主任医师,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计的应用。E-mail:hufei@21cn.com
