摘要
目前审判实践在帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的认定中通过否认片面共犯成立进而采纳了本罪优先适用而非共犯优先适用的立场,导致了重罪行为轻罚化与《刑法》第287条之二第3款虚置的负面后果。应当树立片面共犯论的观念,采取限制从属性的原理,从本罪优先适用走向共犯优先适用。共犯优先适用的标准可区分为不法标准与责任标准。不法领域中,以法益侵害程度的强弱与实行行为方式的区隔来界分关联犯罪与本罪。在帮助行为与正犯行为侵犯的法益具有同一性时优先以关联犯罪论处;法定三类方式之外的帮助行为不能构成本罪,优先以关联犯罪论处。责任领域中,以行为人主观明知的程度与内容来界分关联犯罪与本罪。在帮助人明知自己所帮助的具体犯罪之时以关联犯罪论处,具体明知难以查清时以本罪论处。
At present, the trial practice tends to adopt the position of priority application of principal crime rather than that of accomplice in the identification of the crime of helping network crime, which leads to the negative consequences of light punishment of serious crimes and the neglect of paragraph 3 of Article 287 of the criminal law. We should establish the concept of one-sided accomplice theory, adopt the principle of limiting subordination,and move from the priority application of principal crime to the priority application of accomplice. The applicable standard of accomplice priority can be divided into the standard of illegality and the standard of responsibility.As for illegality, the related crime and principal crime are distinguished by the degree of infringement of legal interests and the way of behavior. When the legal interests infringed by the helping act and the principal offender have the same nature, it is preferred to be punished as a related crime;acts of assistance other than the three types of legal means cannot constitute principal crime, and shall be punished as related crimes in priority, other than as accomplice. As for responsibility, the degree and content of the perpetrator’s subjective knowledge are used to distinguish the related crime from the principal crime. When the helper knows the specific crime he or she is helping, he or she shall be punished as a connected crime. When it is difficult to find out whether the helper knows about the crime, it shall be punished as principal crime.
作者
欧阳本祺
刘梦
Ouyang Benqi;Liu Meng
出处
《中国应用法学》
CSSCI
2022年第1期107-121,共15页
China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence
基金
2020年度最高人民法院司法研究重大课题“信息网络犯罪司法适用疑难问题研究”(ZGFYZDKT202008-04)的阶段性成果。
关键词
帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪
共犯优先
片面共犯
想象竞合
crime of helping network crime
accomplice priority
one-sided accomplice
imaginative concurrence
作者简介
欧阳本祺,东南大学法学院教授,东南大学网络安全法治研究中心主任;刘梦,东南大学网络安全法治研究中心特约研究人员。
