摘要
中立帮助行为人主观上存在明知,客观上促进了他人犯罪,因此,中立帮助行为的出罪根据只能是客观行为本身;中立帮助行为本身不是犯罪行为,不符合帮助犯的客观不法构成要件,他人利用之实施犯罪的,根据溯责禁止原理,应属于故意的正犯的自我答责领域。我国有关共犯的司法解释规定,明知他人实施犯罪还为其提供贷款、资金、原材料、机器设备、运输、仓储、保管、邮寄、生产经营场所等帮助的,成立相关犯罪的共犯,这似乎说明我国司法实务在中立帮助行为处罚问题上,采取了与国外限制中立帮助行为处罚范围的趋势背道而驰的立场。其实,这类规定只是一种“注意性规定”,旨在提醒司法工作人员不要忽视对深度参与他人犯罪、原本就符合帮助犯成立条件的犯罪团伙成员的打击,而非意味着将从事具有中立性质的日常生活行为、正常业务活动的人作为共犯“一网打尽”。
The actor of neutral assistance has subjective knowledge,which objectively promotes the crime of others.Therefore,the basis of the crime of neutral assistance can only be the objective act itself.Neutral helping behavior itself is not a criminal act,and does not conform to the objective elements of helping crime.If others use it to commit a crime,according to the principle of retrospective prohibition,it should belong to the field of self-responsibility of intentional principal offender.According to the judicial interpretation of accomplice in China,those who knowingly provide others(when they commit a crime)with loans,funds,raw materials,machinery and equipment,transportation,warehousing,safekeeping,mailing,production and operation sites and other assistance are accomplices of related crimes,which seems to show that the judicial practice of China is on the issue of punishment for neutral assistance,taking a position contrary to the trend of limiting the scope of punishment for neutral assistance in foreign countries.In fact,this kind of regulation is just a kind of“attentive regulation”,which aims to remind judicial staff not to ignore the crackdown on members of criminal gangs who are deeply involved in other people's crimes and who meet the conditions for the establishment of accomplices,rather than mean that people who are engaged in neutral daily life and normal business activities will be“caught in one net”as accomplices.
出处
《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期161-170,共10页
Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“网络服务商刑事责任边界及体系构建研究”(18BFX104)。
关键词
共犯司法解释
中立帮助行为
帮助犯
客观归责
judicial interpretation of accomplice
neutral helping behavior
accomplice
objective imputation
作者简介
陈洪兵,东南大学法学院教授(南京211189)。
