国家在创新转型中的双重角色:创新理论视角下发展型国家兴衰对中国政策选择的启示被引量：15

Dual Role of the State in Transformation Towards Innovation:Lessons for China's Policy Choices from the Rise and Fall of Developmental States

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摘要中国如何实现创新转型是新时期的重大议题,在当前国际形势下显得尤为重要。20世纪末,发展型国家的兴衰曾引发广泛的理论讨论,但学界的解释不尽如人意。文章批判那些简单地认为“国家在创新阶段不应参与经济活动、发展型国家模式已经衰落”的思潮,指出其在本质上将国家与工业互动的结构假定为是一成不变的。文章使用创新理论来辨析国家与工业互动机制的不同模式,指出国家与工业互动机制的僵化可能才是传统发展型国家衰落的根源。因此,转型的关键在于国家角色从指定工业战略目标的“领航员”变为协调创新系统的“乐队指挥”。与市场原教旨主义主张相反,转型涉及战略性资源配置的系统性调整,因而无法由市场或社群自发完成,而是需要国家利用危机窗口进行社会动员来推动。 Realizing China’s innovation transformation is a major issue in the new era and gains increasing significance against the current international situation. At the end of the last century, the rise and fall of developmental states led to extensive theoretical discussion, but academic explanations were not satisfactory. This paper criticizes those thoughts that simply claim that "the state should not participate in economic activities at the stage of innovation, and the developmental state model has declined", and points out that these thoughts essentially assume that the structure of the interaction between the state and industry is static. By differentiating and analyzing different modes of the state-industry interaction mechanism with innovation theory, this paper proposes that the rigidity of the state-industry interaction mechanism should be the root of the decline of the traditional developmental states. Therefore, the key to the transformation towards innovation is that the role of the state should change from the "navigator" who sets industrial strategic goals to the "orchestrator" who coordinates the innovation system. Contrary to market fundamentalism, this paper argues that the transformation involves systematic adjustment of strategic resource allocation, so it cannot be completed spontaneously by the market or the community, but requires the state to promote social mobilization with the crisis window.

作者封凯栋姜子莹 Feng Kaidong;Jiang Ziying(School of Government,Peking University,Beijing)

机构地区北京大学政府管理学院北京大学政府管理学院公共政策系

出处《经济社会体制比较》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第6期62-72,共11页 Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基金国家自然科学基金项目“新型创新载体效率优势及其制度化整合机制研究”(项目编号:71673012)。

关键词发展型国家政企互动创新阶段系统转型网络化发展型国家 Developmental State Government-Enterprise Interaction Innovation Stage System Transformation Developmental Network State

分类号 F062.4 [经济管理—政治经济学]

作者简介封凯栋,北京大学政府管理学院副教授、公共政策系副系主任、博士生导师;姜子莹,北京大学政府管理学院博士研究生。