摘要
运用人口重心与普查资料分析了我国民族人口分布与重心变动。少数民族人口主要集中分布在西部偏远、内陆山区和高原地区,区域人口比重与人口重心由西向东逐年偏移;人口集中度显著高于汉族,离散度低于汉族;农业人口占绝对比重;迁移人口以经济型为主,相对凝固致流动率偏低。上述特征一方面使得某些区域人口的快速增长导致聚集区资源和环境压力增大;同时因某些移民决策不当容易带来传统文化消失,甚至与流入地产生利益冲突;另一方面,某些地区人口增速缓慢,导致难以吸引或留住促进经济发展的人才需求。探讨民族人口分布变动态势,对合理规划空间人口、科学制订民族人口政策,实现民族人口、资源环境经济协调发展等有着重要指导作用。
In this paper, we use the theory of population gravity center and the data of China population census to analyze the changes and distribution of ethnic population. The geographical distribution of minorities is located in the far west or inland plateau, even mountainous area. The gravity center of distribution is moving continuously from east to west. The concentration ratio of minorities＇ distribution is higher than the ethnic Han ,while the dispersion is lower. Most minorities are agricultural population with a low urbanization level. The minorities are moving based on a traditional economic reason mostly with a liquidity shortage. Those changes lead to the rising of resources and environment pressure in certain areas with population＇ s rapid growth and conflicts as some improper migration policies are easier causing the loss of traditional culture. On the other hand, some areas have a low growth of population and difficulty to attract even retain resources of human talents to promote the development of the local economy. Approaching the ethnic population＇ s redistribution and migration characteristics is useful to guide the policy makers planning population＇ s distribution and making regional population policy to help ethnic regions＇ economy developing healthily.
作者
晏月平
李新宇
YAN Yue-ping;LI Xin-yu(Population Research Institute of Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China)
出处
《人口与发展》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期96-104,共9页
Population and Development
基金
国家社科基金项目(16BRK027)的阶段性成果
关键词
人口分布
人口重心
人口迁移
人口促进
Population＇ s Distribution
Distribution of Population Gravity Center
Population Mi- gration
Population Development
作者简介
晏月平（1972-），女，云南大学教授，主要研究方向：人口社会学；;李新宇（1995-），男，云南大学人口学专业硕士研究生。
