摘要
美国通过启动“印太经济框架”(IPEF)回归印太数字贸易治理体系,旨在占据印太地区数字贸易治理高地,同时获取印太地区数字经济发展的红利。为兼顾IPEF数字贸易治理谈判效率与成员多元性,美国预计采用“整合谈判”与“零散谈判”双轨并行的方式,且优先着眼于与核心成员达成“早期收获”。IPEF数字贸易规则将根植于“美式”和“新式”数字贸易治理理念,也会回应新兴趋势和技术发展所需,并与美国“以工人为中心”的贸易政策相契合,还将受到美国国内政治生态和中美数字贸易治理地缘政治竞争的影响。其中,“跨境数据流动和存储规则”“数字产品非歧视性待遇规则”和“新兴技术规则”是美国推动IPEF数字贸易规则构建的重要抓手。中国将面临在印太地区数字贸易便利化系统构建、新兴技术标准制定以及中小企业合作中被边缘化的风险。对此,中国应理性务实加入印太地区既有数字贸易安排,并依托数字服务市场制度型开放,积极提供数字贸易治理的“中国方案”,提升数字贸易治理话语权。
By launching the"Indo-Pacific Economic Framework"(IPEF),the U.S.is returning to the Indo-Pacific digital trade governance system,aiming to occupy the high ground shaped by the Indo-Pacific digital trade rules and at the same time capture the dividends of the Indo-Pacific digital economy development.In order to take into account the negotiation efficiency and membership diversity of IPEF digital trade governance,the United States is expected to adopt a dual track approach of"integrated negotiation"and"scattered negotiation",and give priority to achieving"early harvest"with core members.The IPEF digital trade rules will be rooted in the"American-style"and"Singapore-style"digital trade governance concepts,respond to emerging trends and technological developments,and fit in with the"worker-centered"trade policy of the United States.It will also be influenced by the domestic political ecology of the United States and the geopolitical competition between China and the United States in digital trade governance.Among them,"rules on cross-border data flow and storage","rules on non-discriminatory treatment of digital products",and"rules on emerging technologies"are important starting points for the United States to promote the construction of IPEF digital trade rules.As a result,China risks being sidelined in the development of digital trade facilitation systems,standards setting for emerging technologies,and SME cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.In this regard,China should rationally and pragmically join in the existing digital trade arrangements in the Indo-Pacific region,and actively export the"China plan"on digital trade governance based on the institutional opening of the digital service market,so as to enhance the voice of digital trade governance.
作者
周念利
于美月
ZHOU Nian-li;YU Mei-yue
出处
《东北亚论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期82-97,128,共17页
Northeast Asia Forum
基金
国家社科基金重点项目(22AGJ008)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD790010)
对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(CXTD14-02)
对外经济贸易大学国家(北京)对外开放研究院智库科研团队专项经费(2023TD01)
关键词
印太经济框架
数字贸易规则
中美博弈
地缘政治
“美式”数字贸易规则
“新式”数字贸易规则
Indo-Pacific Economic Framework(IPEF)
Digital Trade Rules
Sino-U.S.Game
Geopolitics
"American-style"Digital Trade Rules
"Singapore-style"Digital Trade Rules
作者简介
周念利,对外经济贸易大学中国WTO研究院,国家(北京)对外开放研究院研究员;于美月,对外经济贸易大学中国WTO研究院博士研究生。
