职业技能培训如何影响农户相对贫困——基于重庆市4个国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县的调查数据被引量：3

How does Vocational Skills Training Affect the Relative Poverty of Rural Households——Based on the Survey Data of Four Key Counties of Rural Vitalization in Chongqing Municipality

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摘要当前我国正在实施“国家乡村振兴重点帮扶地区职业技能提升工程”,基于2022年重庆市4个国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县1414个农户样本的调查数据,运用Probit模型实证分析显示,参与职业技能培训能显著减缓农户的客观和主观相对贫困程度,其作用渠道是人力资本机制和社会资本机制,且人力资本机制作用相对较强。然而,心理资本机制在技能扶贫中尚未发挥明显作用,不能有效降低主观相对贫困发生率。通过进一步的比较分析显示,人力资本对农户客观相对贫困的作用效应要强于对主观相对贫困的作用效应,社会资本反之。而异质性检验表明,参与非农职业技能培训农户的人力资本减贫机制和社会资本减贫机制同样存在,两大机制对主客观相对贫困的作用效应均强于参与农业技能培训农户;心理资本机制也抑制了参与非农职业技能培训农户的主观相对贫困发生率。 Currently,China is implementing the“National Rural Revitalization Key Assistance Area Vocational Skills Improvement Project”,and there is still a lack of empirical research on how the new round of vocational skills training affects relative poverty among farmers.Based on the survey data of 1414 samples from four key counties in Chongqing for rural revitalization in 2022,the empirical analysis using the Probit model shows that participation in vocational skills training can significantly reduce the objective and subjective relative poverty of rural households,and its function channels are human capital mechanism and social capital mechanism,and the role of human capital mechanism is relatively strong.However,psychological capital mechanism has not played an obvious role in skills poverty alleviation,which can not effectively reduce the incidence of subjective relative poverty.Further comparative analysis shows that the effect of human capital on objective relative poverty of rural households is stronger than that on subjective relative poverty,but the effect of social capital is the opposite.The heterogeneity test shows that both the human capital poverty reduction mechanism and the social capital poverty reduction mechanism of the rural households participating in non-agricultural vocational skills training also exist,and the effect of the two mechanisms on subjective and objective relative poverty is stronger than that of the rural households participating in agricultural skills training.Moreover,psychological capital mechanism also inhibits the incidence of subjective relative poverty of the rural households participating in non-agricultural vocational skills training.

作者杨媛 Yang Yuan(Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering,Chongqing 401331)

机构地区重庆电子工程职业学院

出处《职业技术教育》北大核心 2023年第31期60-66,共7页 Vocational and Technical Education

基金重庆市教育科学“十四五”规划一般课题“人工智能对重庆高职学生就业观影响的实证研究”(K23YG3090325),主持人:杨媛重庆市教育科学“十四五”规划重点课题“重庆市高等教育生态承载力测算及资源优化配置研究”(2021-GX-019),主持人:王伟

关键词职业技能培训农户主观相对贫困客观相对贫困乡村振兴 vocational skills training rural households subjective relative poverty objective relative poverty

分类号 G725 [文化科学—成人教育学]

作者简介杨媛(1988-),女,重庆电子工程职业学院讲师,博士研究生,研究方向:经济与金融(重庆,401331)