摘要
县域职业教育承担着为乡村振兴培养各类高质量人才的使命。但目前县域职业教育人才供给与乡村人才需求之间存在着人才供给数量不足、质量不高、种类不合理、队伍不稳定等诸多方面的问题,不能满足乡村振兴对人才的需求。为缓解乡村人才供给与乡村人才需求之间的矛盾,县域职业教育必须实现发展转型,即功能定位由“促进农村劳动力流向城市就业”转向“培育农村劳动力留守乡村就业”、培养目标由“为城镇企业培养人才为主”转向“为乡村农业培养人才为主”、专业设置由“同质化热门专业”转向“农业特色化专业”、育人主体由“单一学校教育”转向“多元主体教育”。为此,县域职业学校需要实施“引+育+留”三位一体的人才工作模式、建立“定向招生+定向培训+定向就业”的长效供给机制、构建“需求+农业+特色”为导向的专业群、打造“政+校+企+村”四方协同的培育共同体。
County vocational education should undertake the mission of cultivating all kinds of high-quality talents for rural revitalization.However,at present,there are many problems between the supply of talents in county vocational education and the demand for rural talents,such as insufficient supply of talents,low quality,unreasonable types and unstable teams,which cannot meet the demand for talents in rural revitalization.In order to alleviate the contradiction between rural talents supply and rural talents demand,county vocational education must realize development and transformation.That is,the functional orientation has changed from“promoting the flow of rural labor to urban employment”to“cultivating rural labor to stay in rural employment”,and the training goal has changed from“mainly cultivating talents for urban enterprises”to“mainly cultivating talents for rural agriculture”,the specialty setting has changed from“homogenized popular majors”to“majors with agricultural characteristics”,the main body of education has shifted from“single school education”to“multi-faceted education”.To this end,county vocational schools need to implement a three-in-one talent work model of“introduction+cultivation+retention”,establish a long-term supply mechanism of“targeted enrollment+targeted training+targeted employment”,build a“demand+agriculture+characteristic”oriented specialty group,and build a nurturing community of“government+school+enterprise+village”cooperation among the four departments.
作者
陈鑫雨
马佳宏
Chen Xinyu;Ma Jiahong(Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013;Guangxi Normal University)
出处
《职业技术教育》
北大核心
2023年第33期48-54,共7页
Vocational and Technical Education
基金
国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2017年度教育学一般课题“新型城镇化进程中民族地区农村职业教育发展模式研究”(BJA170100),主持人:马宽斌
2021年广西壮族自治区教育厅研究生教育创新计划项目“新时期巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的教育因应”(YCBZ2021037),主持人:马玮岐
关键词
乡村振兴
县域职业教育
人才需求与供给
发展转型
rural revitalization
county vocational education
talent demand and supply
development and transformation
作者简介
陈鑫雨(1998-),女,江苏大学专职辅导员,研究方向:教育经济学(镇江,212013);马佳宏(1963-),男,广西师范大学教育学部教授,硕士生导师,研究方向:教育经济学,职业技术教育学
