摘要
我国少子老龄化趋势加剧,现有生育政策不足以完全扭转生育率降低的趋势,亟须构建具有支持生育作用的政策体系。当下我国生育政策须突破单一经济激励逻辑,直面家庭成本社会化不足、性别角色固化、代际支持断裂、孕产假实现困难等结构性矛盾,同时考量育龄青年养育子女的经济负担较重,托育服务等生育支持制度处于初级阶段,支持生育的各项政策尚未形成体系化的现实。应积极构建系统化的生育政策体系,强化公私领域性别平等和责任共担,完善儿童托育及生育补贴,健全医疗税收等多维度生育支持政策,最终构建生育友好型社会,应对少子老龄化困境,推动人口高质量发展。
China is now confronted with an accelerating trend of sub-replacement fertility and population aging,and the current fertility policies are not efficient enough to fully reverse this declining tendency.It is crucial to establish a policy system that can effectively support childbirth.At present,China’s fertility policy needs to break through the logic of single economic incentives,so as to face the structural contradictions such as insufficient socialization of family costs,solidification of gender roles,rupture of intergenerational support,and difficulties in realizing pregnancy leave and maternity leave.At the same time,we must take into consideration the current situation in which young people at childbearing age have to carry bigger financial burden to raise their children,such fertility support systems as childcare services are still in the primary stage,and the systematization of various polices concerning fertility support hasn’t been made.It is essential to actively construct a systematized structure of fertility policies,develop a systematic fertility policy,strengthen gender equality and shared responsibility in both public and private domains,improve childcare services and maternity subsidy policy,and enhance multidimensional fertility support policies,including healthcare and tax incentives,so as to ultimately build a fertility-friendly society,which will help resolve the dilemma of sub-replacement fertility and population aging while promoting high-quality demographic development.
作者
艾琳
Ai Lin(School of law,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第4期136-149,共14页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
少子老龄化
低生育率
生育支持政策
sub-replacement fertility and population aging
low fertility rate
fertility support policy
作者简介
艾琳,吉林大学法学院教授。
