摘要
刑事检察中调查核实措施的科技化是大数据法律监督的重点内容,对公安及审判机关履职产生了辐射性影响。以公开报道的大数据法律监督案例为样本,阐述刑事检察中调查核实措施对个人信息的强制性影响以及与公安侦查职权竞合的相关问题,进而表明检察机关已凭由大数据法律监督之策开始越法施行侦查权。此种科技施权现象,在法治层面催生了如何化解公检科技功能同一、审前控制程序失灵及诉讼制度立法困难等问题的思考。与此同时,科技施权现象在客观上还具备促进法律监督履职与捋顺审前程序中公检配合制约监督关系的积极功能,所以应从对策层面平衡该积极功能的保留与前述问题的纾解。即:精准界分刑事司法的专有职权,设计越法施权惩罚规则,管控科技施权趋势;扩充检察侦查的受案范围,以机动侦查权为公安侦查外的“兜底”职权,承接大数据法律监督“外溢”的科技功能;增设专门的检察侦查部门,许可相对独立的侦查权,解决职权集中导致的审前程序控制失灵问题。
The technological advancement of investigative verification is a focal point in the construction of the big data-based legal supervision,and also has a radiating impact on the performance of duties by the public security and judicial organs.Utilizing the publicized cases of big data-based legal supervision as an analysis sample,the coercive impact of investigative verification on personal information,as well as issues concerning the competition and cooperation among investigative authorities were examined.It suggested that“technological empowerment”,despite a positive role in the relation between promoting the performance of legal supervision duties and public prosecution and supervision in pre-trial procedures,engendered legal questions.For this reason,it is necessary to precisely delineate the exclusive powers of criminal justice,design punishment rules for transgressive exercise of power and curb the overall trend of technological empowerment.The scope prosecutorial investigation should be expanded and the“flexible investigative power”activated as“safeguard”power outside public security investigation to undertake spillover technological functions of big data legal supervision.Besides,a specialized prosecutorial investigative department is proposed to set up,independently exercising investigative power,thereby addressing the issue of pre-trial procedural control failure caused by centralized power.
作者
李学军
漆晨航
LI Xuejun;QI Chenhang
出处
《公安学研究》
2025年第1期1-20,123,共21页
Journal of Public Security Science
基金
北京市社会科学基金项目“轻罪治理现代化的侦查特别程序探析”(23FXB011)
作者简介
李学军(1964-),女,中国人民大学法学院教授、博士研究生导师,中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心研究员,法学博士;漆晨航(1996-),男,中国人民大学法学院讲师、博士后,法学博士
