摘要
公众参与科学意愿是科学传播与科学决策中至关重要的一环,对科普发展与科技创新具有重要意义。通过观察式参与和具身式参与的分层视角,运用2023年中国科技与社会晴雨表调查数据,分析中国公众参与科学意愿的现状及其群体差异,重点考察包括年龄、科学素养、受教育程度、社交媒体以及性别等影响因素。结合数据分析与文献综述,发现青年群体的科学兴趣较低却有更高的具身式参与意愿,女性的科学兴趣与参与意愿均低于男性,教育水平、科学素养与短视频使用能够显著提高公众参与科学意愿。基于此,提出一系列推进中国全民式科普建设的策略,包括构建差异化的科普策略体系,以满足公众多样化科学参与的需求;加强科学素质教育与实践的结合,以筑牢基层科学文化的沃土;规范化地拓展新媒体科学传播平台,并强化科学社群的互动机制;建设有效的科普资源沟通机制,以完善公众参与科学的长效渠道。
Public willingness to participate in science is a crucial component of science communication and decisionmaking,holding significant importance for the development of science popularization and technological innovation.This study adopts a hierarchical perspective of observational participation and embodied participation,utilizing data from the 2023 China Science and Technology and Society Barometer Survey to analyze the current status of public willingness to participate in science in China and its group differences.It focuses on examining influencing factors such as age,scientific literacy and education level,social media usage,and gender.By integrating empirical data with insights from the literature,the study reveals that younger individuals show lower scientific interest but higher willingness for embodied participation,while women exhibit both lower scientific interest and lower participation willingness compared to men.Additionally,higher education levels,scientific literacy,and the use of short video platforms are found to significantly enhance the public's willingness to engage in science.Based on these findings,the study proposes a series of strategies to foster the development of nationwide science popularization in China.These strategies include creating differentiated science communication approaches to meet the diverse needs of the public,strengthening the integration of science education and practice,expanding science communication through new media platforms,and improving communication mechanisms to sustain long-term public engagement with science.
作者
罗昊雯
王拓
王硕
Luo Haowen;Wang Tuo;Wang Shuo(School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe,The University of Tokyo,Chiba 277-8583,Japan)
出处
《科技管理研究》
2025年第8期221-229,共9页
Science and Technology Management Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“深入推进科技体制改革与完善国家治理体系研究”(21ZDA017)
中国科协研究生科普能力提升项目“开放科学促进科学普及和公众参与的机制与路径研究”(KXYJS2022040)。
关键词
公众参与科学
参与分层
影响因素
科学兴趣
科学传播
public participation in science
participation hierarchy
influencing factors
scientific interest
science communication
作者简介
通信作者:罗昊雯(1998-),女,天津人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为科学社会学、公众参与科学;王拓(1999-),男,湖北鄂州人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为公共政策、发展经济;王硕(1999-),男,江苏宿迁人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为科技伦理治理、科学传播。
