摘要
青年流动人口的就业事关整体就业质量,数字经济对青年流动人口就业正产生着广泛且深刻的影响,但其是否影响该群体就业质量则有待进一步探析。本文从理论层面分析了数字经济对青年流动人口就业质量的影响及其机理,利用2017年和2018年中国流动人口动态监测数据以及新华三集团数字经济研究院发布的中国城市数字经济指数,实证检验了数字经济对青年流动人口就业质量的影响。研究发现,数字经济通过创造效应和结构效应显著提高了青年流动人口就业质量,创造效应表现为释放创业活力和提升劳动生产率,结构效应体现在降低就业搜寻成本和促进产业结构升级。进一步分析发现,数字经济对青年流动人口就业质量的影响在数字化就业特征、产业特征、区域特征和个体特征等方面均会产生异质性影响,且数字经济显著促进了青年流动人口的高质量充分就业。本研究为国家推动新型城镇化战略和高质量发展提供了实证支撑,结论对推动青年流动人口高质量就业具有重要政策启示。
As the primary group within youth employment,the employment quality of young migrant workers represents a crucial breakthrough point for achieving common prosperity.Employment is the foundation of people's livelihoods,and high-quality employment is a key factor in safeguarding and improving living standards.Young people are the driving force in our society,eager to develop themselves and realize their value.At the same time,they constitute the backbone of the workforce in the digital economy era,providing effective human resource support for digital technology innovation and the development of the digital age.With generally higher levels of education and digital literacy,young people possess unique advantages in technical learning,application,and innovation.The current employment landscape for young people in the digital age differs significantly from previous generations.In knowledge-intensive industries such as the internet,information technology,and e-commerce,the proportion of young workers is rapidly increasing,and new professions related to these fields have become major hubs for young migrant workers.Amid the challenges of economic downturn and labor supply-demand imbalances,the digital economy offers a new direction for relieving businesses and empowering young migrant workers with high-quality employment,serving as a powerful force for achieving high-quality employment.This paper analyzes the impact and mechanisms of the digital economy on the employment quality of young migrant workers at a theoretical level.Using data from the 2017 and 2018 National Migrant Population Dynamics Monitoring and the China Urban Digital Economy Index published by New H3C Group's Digital Economy Research Institute,it empirically examines the relationship between the digital economy and the employment of young migrant workers.The research findings indicate that the digital economy significantly enhances the employment quality of young migrant workers.The mechanism tests indicate that the digital economy enhances employment quality through both creative and structural effects.Heterogeneous analysis reveals that the impact of the digital economy on the employment quality of young migrant workers exhibits heterogeneity based on digital employment characteristics,regional features,industry characteristics,and individual attributes.Further analysis reveals that the digital economy notably promotes the full and high-quality employment of young migrant workers.It may contribute in two main ways:first,it broadens the research perspective on employment quality.Current research on employment quality mostly adopts a macro perspective,with limited micro-level studies focusing primarily on rural migrant workers or migrant populations.There is insufficient attention to the employment quality of young migrant workers,who represent the majority of the workforce in the current context of digital economic development.By examining young migrant workers,this paper investigates the impact of the digital economy on their employment quality,offering an effective complement to digital economy research and providing a new perspective for employment quality research.Second,it enriches the research outcomes of factors affecting employment quality.Existing literature mainly explains changes in employment quality from the perspectives of human capital,urban-rural dual system,public services,and other factors in traditional contexts.In the digital economy era,young migrant workers,with their higher education levels and digital literacy,have a relative advantage,and an increasing number of them shine in digital-era job positions,providing them with more opportunities to achieve high-quality employment.This paper focuses on the new era of the digital economy,aiming to examine the impact of the digital economy on the employment quality of young migrant workers from both theoretical and empirical perspectives,as well as exploring the internal mechanisms and group heterogeneity.
作者
张冬洋
陈星宇
杨巧
唐乐
ZHANG Dong-yang;CHEN Xing-yu;YANG Qiao;TANG Le(School of Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing,100070,China;School of Finance,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei,430073,China;School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing,100070,China)
出处
《经济管理》
北大核心
2025年第1期66-86,共21页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目“新时代回流趋势下返乡农民工行为与乡村产业振兴:基于要素配置视角的影响机制研究”(72004145)
国家社会科学基金面上项目“健康中国背景下城乡人口死亡模式差异与均衡发展对策研究”(22BRK011)
北京市属高等学校优秀青年人才培育计划项目“居家办公对个体工作和家庭的“双刃剑”效应研究”(BPHR202203170)。
关键词
数字经济
青年流动人口
高质量就业
就业结构
digital economy
youth floating population
high-quality employment
employment structure
作者简介
张冬洋,男,教授,经济学博士,博士生导师,研究领域为企业经济学与环境经济学,电子邮箱:zhangdongyang@cueb.edu.cn;陈星宇,男,博士研究生,研究领域为劳动经济学和企业经济学,电子邮箱:chenxy1127@stu.zuel.edu.cn;杨巧,女,副教授,经济学博士,研究领域为城市经济学,电子邮箱:aliyang123@aliyun.com;通讯作者:唐乐,女,副教授,经济学博士,博士生导师,研究领域为人力资本投资与创新绩效,电子邮箱:tangle@cueb.edu.cn。
