摘要
文章从移民网络的视角,使用2017年中国流动人口动态监测数据,分析其中高学历流动人口的空间分布、落户意愿及其社会影响因素,同时探讨省际与省内迁移模式对落户意愿的影响差异。研究发现:1)高学历流动人口的落户意愿大体呈“北高南低”的分布格局。高学历流动人口的友缘、亲缘网络呈现“北高南低”格局,业缘网络呈现“西高东低”格局,乡缘网络则呈现“东高西低”的格局;2)移民网络对高学历流动人口的迁移形成物质情感的社会支持,对落户意愿存在显著影响,亲缘、友缘和业缘影响较大,乡缘影响较小;3)省内高学历流动人口由于迁移距离较近、迁移成本低等原因,其落户意愿受到亲缘的影响更大,而省际高学历流动人口则因在流入地缺少亲缘等原因,落户意愿较弱,且受友缘和乡缘影响更大。未来的人才迁移研究和政策应更多考虑社会因素,这有利于推动人才强国战略的实施。
In the era of the knowledge economy,talent is important for the development of any country,region,or city,and attracting foreign talent to stay and settle down has gradually become an important issue.In this study,we analyzed the spatial distribution of highly educated migrants,their willingness to settle in the place they migrated to,and the social influencing factors from the perspective of migration networks using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey.We explored the differences in the influence of inter-provincial and intra-provincial migration patterns on the willingness of migrants to settle.The main conclusions are as follows:First,the willingness of the highly educated migrants to settle down shows a distribution pattern of"high in the north and low in the south."Migrants,especially highly educated people who are willing to migrate across provinces,showed highest preference for settling down in Beijing,Shanghai,and Tianjin,whereas those willing to migrate within provinces showed preference for settling down in Tibet,Shandong,and Hubei..Second,the friendship and kinship networks of highly educated migrants show a clear pattern of"high in the north and low in the south,"and the business network shows a clear pattern of"high in the west and low in the east,"and the network of township ties has a clear pattern of"high in the east and low in the west."Third,migrant networks provide material and emotional social support for the migration of highly educated individuals and significantly influence their willingness to settle.Among these networks,kinship and friendship offer the greatest support and exert the strongest pull on their migration decisions.In contrast,the influence of township ties on the willingness of highly educated migrants to settle is smaller,highlighting a clear difference from the stronger reliance of migrant workers on township ties.Fourth,highly educated intraprovincial migrants,owing to their shorter migration distances and lower migration costs,are more influenced by kinship in their willingness to settle.By contrast,highly educated inter-provincial migrants who lack kinship ties in their destination areas showed a lower willingness to settle and are more influenced by friendships and hometown connections.Future research on talent migration and policies should place greater emphasis on social factors,thereby enriching the study of talent mobility from a societal perspective.This strategy is also beneficial in practice for attracting and retaining talent,not only through economic incentives but also by leveraging social policies.This fosters the integration of talent into destination cities and contributes to the socioeconomic development of these areas,thereby propelling the implementation of a talent-driven national strategy.
作者
黄俊辉
龚岳
杨振杰
徐逸昉
朱蕙桢
Huang Junhui;Gong Yue;Yang Zhengjie;Xu Yifang;Zhu Huizhen(Hubei Habitat Engineering and Technology Research Center,School of Urban Design,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Macao Polytechnic University,Macao 999018,China;School of Urban Planning and Design,Peking University,Shenzhen 518055,China)
出处
《热带地理》
北大核心
2025年第2期197-209,共13页
Tropical Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金面上基金项目(42471275)
教育部人文社科规划基金项目(24YJAZH031)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2042024kf0004)。
关键词
移民网络
高学历流动人口
落户意愿
迁移范围
人才迁移
migration network
talented migrants
hukou settlement intention
migration range
talent migration
作者简介
黄俊辉(1999-),男,湖北江陵人,硕士,研究方向为城乡移民、住房社区,(E-mail)hjunhuiwork@163.com;通信作者:龚岳(1977-),男,湖南长沙人,博士,副教授,研究方向为人口迁移、住房社区和城市人工智能研究,(E-mail)yuegong@whu.edu.cn。
