摘要
新发展格局推动高质量发展,高质量发展彰显新发展理念。职业教育高质量发展作为一种政策理念,在本质特征上体现为类型定位与特色发展;在功能定位上表现为对经济社会需求与人才成长规律的双重适应;在价值认知层面则意味着人民满意与社会认同。体制机制改革对职业教育高质量发展具有规范引导、协调管理与形塑激励等作用。目前,我国职业教育高质量发展面临诸多挑战与体制机制障碍:一是育人与评价机制中的路径依赖弱化了职业教育的类型特色;二是多元办学主体的结构性矛盾与目标冲突制约了人才结构的适配性;三是资源配置与社会保障中的制度性歧视引发了职业教育的认同危机。因此,通过深层次的体制机制改革推动职业教育高质量发展势在必行。具体包括以下几个方面:树立以人为本的育人理念,完善多样化人才的选拔培养与评价机制;构建校企命运共同体机制,增强多元主体积极参与办学的活力与韧性;建立机会均等的制度保障机制,提升职业教育的社会认同。
China’s current stage of development calls for a shift toward high⁃quality growth in all sectors,including vocational education.As a policy concept,high⁃quality vocational education is defined by its commitment to“equal status”with general education and distinctive development features,its dual alignment with economic and social needs as well as the principles of talent cultivation,and its focus on achieving both societal recognition and public satisfaction.Systemic and institutional reforms play a crucial role in providing regulation and guidance,fostering coordination and management,and creating incentives for high⁃quality development.However,vocational education in China currently faces significant challenges and institutional barriers.These include path dependency in education and evaluation mechanisms that undermine the unique features of vocational education,structural contradictions and conflicting goals among the various stakeholders that limit adaptability in talent development,and institutional discrimination in resources allocation and social security,which has triggered a crisis of identity for vocational education.To address these issues and promote high⁃quality development,comprehensive system and mechanism reforms are urgently needed.These reforms should include establishing a people⁃centered educational philosophy,improving the mechanisms for selecting,training,and evaluating diverse talents,fostering school⁃enterprise partnerships to boost the engagement and resilience of multiple stakeholders,and creating an institutional framework that guarantees equal opportunities,ultimately increasing public satisfaction and social acknowledgment of the value of vocational education.
作者
王鲁艺
WANG Luyi(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《河北师范大学学报（教育科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第5期18-26,共9页
Journal of Hebei Normal University(Educational Science)
关键词
职业教育
高质量发展
现实困境
体制机制改革
vocational education
high⁃quality development
chanllenges
system and mechanism reform
作者简介
王鲁艺(1995-),女,山东济南人,博士研究生,主要从事职业教育基本理论与政策研究。
