摘要
近年来,人工智能的飞速发展极大地推动了人形机器人的商业化进程,人形机器人已经成为产业发展的新风口。相较而言,人形机器人法律地位的研究才刚刚起步。类人外形的具身存在,以涌现方式生成的决策和内容,这两个基本特征引发了人形机器人特有的法律难题。将人形机器人确定为法律主体,既不符合传统法理及其背后演进的逻辑,也违背了立法目的,更会引发人类社会系统性的生存危机。人形机器人是法律风险总体可控的对象,也是伦理风险和技术风险较高的权利对象,需要法律的特别规制。人类中心主义的立场,是我们厘清人类与人形机器人关系的理性前提。
In recent years,the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence has promoted the commercialization of humanoid robots,making them a new frontier in industry.However,research on the legal status of humanoid robots is still in its infancy.The humanoid robot's anthropomorphic appearance and the emergence of decisions and content generated in an emergent manner have led to unique legal challenges.Determining humanoid robots as legal subjects not only contradicts traditional legal principles and their underlying logic but also goes against legislative purposes,potentially leading to systemic existential crises in human society.Humanoid robots are objects with overall controllable legal risks but are also subjects with high ethical and technological risks,necessitating special legal regulation.A human-centric stance is a rational prerequisite for clarifying the relationship between humans and humanoid robots.
出处
《东方法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期15-25,共11页
Oriental Law
基金
2023年国家社科基金一般项目“法典化背景下商业秘密保护的单独立法研究”(项目批准号:23BFX184)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
人形机器人
人工智能
具身
人类中心主义
主体
对象
humanoid robot
artificial intelligence
embodiment
human-centralism
subject
object
作者简介
孙山,西南政法大学民商法学院副教授,法学博士。1983年4月出生。