中央环保督察的震慑效应与我国环境治理机制的完善被引量：28

The Deterrent Effect of Central Environmental Supervision and the Improvement of China's Environmental Governance Mechanism

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摘要 2016年我国实施了中央生态环境保护督察政策,督察的结果直接关系到干部绩效考核和晋升,对地方政府形成了较强的震慑效应。在督察期间,地方政府采取了较为严格的环境污染治理措施,对空气污染产生了短期影响。本文将2016—2017年中央环保督察信息和中国地市日度空气质量数据进行匹配,研究发现,中央环保督察对被督察地市产生了震慑效应:督察组进驻时,被督察地市PM2.5浓度相较进驻前下降了19.34%;督察组离开时,PM2.5浓度上升了18.13%。中央环保督察对同省邻近非督察地市也产生了近邻震慑效应,基于空间杜宾模型的分析发现督察期间同省邻近非督察地市PM2.5浓度也下降了5.92%。同省邻近非督察地市空气质量的改善通过溢出效应又进一步提高了被督察地市的空气质量。而被督察地市的省外邻近非督察地市的空气质量没有受到显著影响。进一步研究发现,地市主要领导的晋升激励、在任时间以及本地联系都会影响地方政府应对环保督察的污染治理策略。基于此,本文从完善我国未来环境监管制度等方面提出了政策建议。 The central environmental supervision system was adopted in China in 2016.The outcome of supervision is directly related with officials’assessment and promotion,therefore leading to a deterrent effect on local governments.During the supervision period,local governments take fierce actions to get through the environmental supervision,resulting in a temporary improvement in air quality.In this paper,empirical study is taken by using the air pollution data and the information of the first-round central environmental supervision.The results indicate that during central supervision for environmental protections,air pollution decreases significantly in both the cities supervised and their neighboring cities in the same province.When the supervisor arrives,the average level of PM2.5 decreases by 19.34%,while the day after the supervisor leaves,the average level of PM2.5 increase by 18.13%.Meanwhile,the results of spatial econometric model show that the average level of PM2.5 in those cities which are not supervised directly but close to the supervised cities in the same province also decreases by 5.92%,and this change have a feedback effect on the supervised cities.Moreover,further study indicates that when the governments’official is in the key year of his/her promotion,the air quality in this city will show a greater change during the supervision month.The characteristics of the officials such as working time in the supervised cities and their birth place also affect the extent of change of air quality during the central environmental supervision.

作者周沂冯皓月陈晓兰 ZHOU Yi;FENG Haoyue;CHEN Xiaolan(Sichuan University,Chengdu,China)

机构地区四川大学经济学院

出处《经济学动态》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第8期33-48,共16页 Economic Perspectives

基金国家自然科学基金青年项目“中国企业出口产品升级路径与机制研究——基于企业与区域互动的视角”(41801117) 教育部人文社会科学项目“‘两山’转化理论下生态的经济价值转化效率考察:测度、时空格局与影响因素分析”(21XJC790002)。

关键词震慑效应环境治理中央环保督察空气污染 Deterrent Effect Environmental Governance Central Environmental Supervision System Air Pollution

分类号 X321 [环境科学与工程—环境工程]

作者简介周沂,四川大学经济学院,邮政编码:610065,电子邮箱:yizhou@scu.edu.cn;冯皓月,四川大学经济学院,邮政编码:610065,电子邮箱:15295207528@163.com;陈晓兰,四川大学经济学院,邮政编码:610065,电子邮箱:chenxiaolan@scu.edu.cn。