摘要
虚拟现实(VR)不仅扩展了学习场域,丰富了学习体验,也为稀缺教育资源提供了有效的呈现方式。然而,由于VR主要依附图像处理技术,其在教育场域下的应用大多停留在知识观察层面。当学习者对观影模式的新鲜感褪去,诸多挑战(交互性不及时、临场感不强等问题)也随即暴露出来。近年来,触觉反馈(Haptics)逐渐成为人机交互的发展前沿,在很大程度上突破了VR单一的视觉刺激之局限。一些研究者开始探索“虚拟现实+触觉反馈”(VR+Haptics)的教学模式,以期调动学习者听觉、触觉、力觉、运动等多感知的刺激反应力,增强学习者的临场体验和心流体验。为了深入探索VR+Haptics在教学中的有效性,挖掘影响这一教学方式的调节变量,基于WoS、Scopus和中国知网三大数据库,对2010年6月到2021年6月期间发表的3698篇学术文献进行筛查。通过对筛选出的42个研究数据进行元分析(Meta Analysis)后发现:(1)从整体效应上看,VR+Haptics相对于传统VR环境,能显著提升学习者的学习效率;(2)通过对三个调节变量影响效应的分析发现:VR+Haptics更适合技能训练、无经验学习者和延长测试教学设计。继而,进一步分析了其在知识理解、生理反馈和远程协作三个教育场景上的应用方式。这一研究在理论上,丰富了心流理论和具身认知理论在VR教学中的内涵;在实践上,为设计高效的“虚拟现实+触觉反馈”教学场景,提供了重要的数据参考。
Virtual reality benefits to the extent of learning field,richfulness of learning experience and provides an effective way to present scarce educational resources.However,relying on image processing technology,VR application mostly stays at the level of knowledge observation in the sector of education.When learners’sense of novelty of the movie-watching mode fades,many challenges,such as untimely interaction and weak sense of presence,are exposed immediately.The recent years have witnessed that Haptics has gradually become the development frontier of human-computer interaction,which to a large extent breaks through the limitation of VR’s single visual stimulation.Some researchers have begun to explore the teaching model of VR+Haptics,in order to mobilize the multi-sensory stimulus responses of learners,such as hearing,touch,force sense and movement,and enhance the instantaneous experience and flow experience of learners.In order to explore the effectiveness of VR+Haptics in teaching and the moderating variables influencing the teaching approach,this study screened 3,698 academic papers published between June 2010 and June 2021 based on WoS,Scopus and CNKI databases.After meta-analysis of 42 selected research data,it is found that:(1)from the overall effect,VR+Haptics can significantly improve learners’learning efficiency compared with traditional VR environment;(2)Through the analysis of the effects of three moderating variables,it is found that VR+Haptics is more suitable for skill training,inexperienced learners and extended test teaching design.Theoretically,the extension of flow theory and embodied cognition theory in virtual teaching is enriched.Practically,it provides important data reference for constructing an effective teaching scene of“Virtual Reality+Haptic Feedback”.
作者
翟雪松
孙玉琏
沈阳
潘俊君
Zhai Xuesong;Sun Yulian;Shen Yang;Pan Junjun(College of Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058;School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei Anhui 230009;Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Monitoring of China Basic Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100191)
出处
《远程教育杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期24-33,共10页
Journal of Distance Education
基金
国家自然科学基金2021面上项目“融合视觉健康的在线学习资源自适应表征及关键技术研究”(项目编号:62177042)
2021国家重点实验室开放课题“融入视觉训练的虚拟现实教学资源优化与关键技术研究:基于眼动追踪分析”(项目编号:VRLAB2021D10)
2021中央高校基本科研业务费专项“基于多模态情感计算的自适应学习信息系统架构及应用策略研究”(项目编号:2-2050205-21-688)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
虚拟现实
触觉反馈
人机交互
学习效率
元分析
VR
Haptics
Human-Computer Interaction
Learning Efficiency
Meta Analysis
作者简介
翟雪松,博士,浙江大学教育学院特聘研究员,博士生导师,研究方向:智慧学习环境、教育信息系统、教育技术与装备;孙玉琏,安徽建筑大学电子与工程信息学院硕士研究生,研究方向:虚拟现实、教育技术;沈阳,博士,北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心助理研究员,研究方向:智慧学习环境设计与评测、人机交互心理测评;通讯作者:潘俊君,博士,北京航空航天大学虚拟现实技术与系统国家重点实验室副教授,博士生导师,研究方向:医学模拟、仿真与成像。
