摘要
科研人员与职务科技成果所有权分离的权利格局造成了消极权利冲突,是促进职务科技成果转化的主要制度障碍之一。《赋予科研人员职务科技成果所有权或长期使用权试点实施方案》提出的共有权模式为科研人员与单位共同行使职务科技成果所有权提供了强有力的政策支撑和具体的操作指引。在制度路径方面:其一,科研人员共有权的法定原始取得方式有利于防止单位的不当限制,平衡单位与科研人员的利益;其二,基于职务科技成果的特殊性赋予单位享有控制性处置权比例体现了公平原则,而双方协商基础上的限制性收益分配机制则有利于促进成果转化,体现了效率原则;其三,科研人员的长期使用权是共有权制度的必然延伸,是以科研人员为核心的职务科技成果转化理念的最终体现。
The separation of the right pattern of scientific researcher and the ownership of job-based scientific and technological achievements results in the negative conflict of rights,which is one of the main institutional obstacle to promote the transformation of job-based scientific and technological achievements.The co-ownership mode proposed in the pilot implementation plan for granting the ownership or long-term use right of scientific and technological achievements of scientific researchers provides specific operation guidance and strong policy support for scientific researcher and employer to jointly exercise the ownership of scientific research achievements.In the aspect of institutional path:firstly,the statutory original acquisition of the right of co-ownership is conducive to preventing improper restriction by the employer and balancing the interests between employer and researcher.Secondly,the proportion of employer entitled to control disposal rights based on the particularity of job-based scientific and technological achievements embodies the principle of fairness,while the restrictive income distribution mechanism based on the consultation of both parties is conducive to promoting the transformation of achievements and embodies the principle of efficiency.Thirdly,the long-term use right of scientific researchers is an inevitable extension of the system of co-ownership,and the ultimate embodiment of the concept of transformation of job-based scientific and technological achievements with scientific researchers as the core.
作者
楚道文
丛培虎
余晓龙
Chu Daowen;Cong Peihu;Yu Xiaolong(Law School of Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,China;Shandong Science and Technology Service Development Promotion Center,Jinan 250101,China;Western Environment and Resources Legal System Construction Research Center,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期36-42,52,共8页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
2019年度山东省重点研发计划(软科学)重点项目“山东省推进职务科技成果转化路径研究”(2019RZB01196)。
关键词
科研人员
职务科技成果
共有权
长期使用权
Scientific researcher
Job-based scientific and technological achievement
Co-ownership
Long-term use right
作者简介
楚道文(1973-),男,山东肥城人,法学博士,山东财经大学法学院教授,研究方向为环境与资源保护法学、科技法学。
