摘要
对于虚假结离婚骗取拆迁款的行为能否认定为诈骗罪,存在有罪说与无罪说两种不同的观点。应支持有罪说,贯彻违法一元论,认为只有在民事违法的前提下始有成立诈骗罪的可能。在民事违法性的认定上,在不违反《民法典各分编(草案)》《婚姻法》规定的前提下,应对结婚和离婚中的"自由意思表示"进行违法性的实质分析,同时结合《民法总则》第146条和第153条的规定,综合认定虚假结离婚行为属于无效的民事法律行为。虚假结离婚行为即使经过登记,仍然属于无效的民事法律行为。在此基础上,虚假结离婚骗取拆迁款的行为也符合诈骗罪的主客观构成要件。在客观构成要件的认定上,属于作为形式的诈骗,同时是就事实进行的诈骗。在主观构成要件上,不能以主观要件难以认定为由否定诈骗罪的成立,而应将主客观因素相结合,类型化地认定主观故意。
There are two different theories of guilt and innocence on whether defrauding demolition funds by means of falsely married and divorced can be identified as the crime of fraud. Guilty claims should be supported while implementing the monism of illegality,and the crime of fraud can only be established on the premise of civil illegality. In the determination of civil illegality,without violating the provisions of the Civil Code Subsections( Drafts) and the Marriage Law,a substantial analysis of the illegality of the "free expression"in marriage and divorce should be conducted. Articles 146 and 153 of the General Principles of Civil Law comprehensively determine that false divorce or false marriage is an invalid civil legal act even if registered. On this basis,defrauding demolition funds by means of falsely married and divorced also meets the subjective and objective elements of the crime of fraud. The identification of objective constituent elements is a form of fraud and actually a fraud of facts. In terms of subjective constituent elements,the establishment of the crime of fraud cannot be denied on the basis that it is difficult to determine the subjective elements. Instead,the subjective and objective factors should be combined to classify the subjective intention. In terms of objective elements,it is not only a fraud of concealing the truth,but also of facts. In terms of subjective elements,it is not possible to deny the establishment of the crime of fraud for the difficulty to identify subjective elements.
出处
《北方法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第3期138-148,共11页
Northern Legal Science
基金
2018年度中南财经政法大学研究生创新教育计划“虚假结离婚行为的刑法规制”(201810733)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
虚假结离婚
违法一元论
通谋虚伪
诈骗罪
falsely married and divorced
the monism of illegality
conspiracy hypocritical act
fraud
作者简介
杨智博,中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院博士研究生。
