刑法软性解释的限制与增设妨害业务罪被引量：75

Limits of Soft Interpretation of Criminal Law and the Necessity of Adding Crime of Obstructing Business

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摘要罪刑法定原则在现代信息社会所面临的冲击超过以往任何时候。在审判实践中,对利用计算机信息系统妨害业务的行为大多以破坏生产经营罪定性,少数以破坏计算机信息系统罪、非法经营罪处理。但是,破坏生产经营罪属于使用物理上的有形力毁坏生产资料的侵犯财产罪;破坏计算机信息系统罪对行为手段有严格且明确的限定;非法经营罪的认定则存在确定行为人违反国家规定的问题。在使用前述实行行为之外的其他手段妨害他人正常进行的业务时,司法上目前基于政策考虑进行刑法的“软性解释”以扩张处罚范围,但这种见招拆招的做法始终面临违背罪刑法定原则的质疑,使破坏生产经营罪、破坏计算机信息系统罪、非法经营罪沦为“口袋罪”。为惩处形形色色利用信息网络妨害业务的危害行为,填补过往立法“意图性的法律空白”,降低罪刑法定原则所承受的压力,有必要增设具体的妨害业务罪,以全面保护法益。 The principle of legality is facing more challenges in the modern information society than ever before. Injudicial practice,most of the acts of obstructing business by using computer information system are charged of the crime of sabotaging production and business operation,while a few are dealt with as the crime of destroying computer information system or the crime of illegal business operation. How ever,the crime of sabotaging production and business operation belongs to the property crime by using physical force to destroy means of production. In contrast,the crime of destroying computer infor mation system has strict and clear restrictions on the behavior means.The crime of illegal business opera tion has the problem of determining that the defendant violates national regulations. When using means other than the aforementioned perpetrating act to obstruct the normal business of others the current judicial practice adopts the wsoft interpretation,based on the policy considerations to expand the scope of punishm ent. However,this uncertain practice always faces the doubt that it may violate the principle of legality,which makes the crime of sabotaging production and business operation and the crime of destro ying com puter information system or the crime of illegal business operation become "pocket crime". In order to punish all kinds of harmful behaviors of obstructing business by using information network and fill the “intentional legal blank” in the current legislation,and to reduce the pressure on the principle of legality,it is necessary to add specific crime of obstructing business to protect legal interest in a compre hensive way.

作者周光权 Zhou Guangquan

机构地区清华大学法学院

出处《中外法学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2019年第4期951-966,共16页 Peking University Law Journal

基金国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国刑法修正的理论模型与制度实践研究”（项目批准号：16ZDA060）的阶段性成果

关键词破坏生产经营罪罪刑法定原则意图性法律空白妨害业务罪立法论 Crime of Sabotaging Production and Business Operation Principle of Legality Intentional Legal Blank Crime of Obstructing Business Legislation

分类号 D924.3 [政治法律—刑法学]

作者简介周光权,清华大学法学院教授。