摘要
类型法定是家庭法最为核心的原则。这一原则通过"规范—事实"的形式化作业来实现"法—非法"的意义分野。专制的父权制伦理观及其理想生活图景曾扮演这一原则的思想基础。在多元社会,这一被奉为圭臬的原则呈现出式微的趋势。在婚姻法中,这主要反映为婚姻内容形成上个人自治的增长以及两性关系法定类型数量本身的增加。在亲子关系法中,则主要表现在婚生子女与非婚生子女的平权上。中国法对这一问题的处理具有较强的代表性,即在强化某些类型封闭性的同时,又屈从于事实保留了一些动态开放类型。动态开放类型在降低体系僵化风险的同时,增加了法律适用的不确定性。就这一原则在家庭法中的未来而言,功能主义进路的引入和道德论证的式微使得规范与事实之间的界限进一步模糊,二者重叠的趋势加深。国家在社会利益面向上的功利性考量为类型法定原则提供了新的正当化视角。
The numerus clausus principle sits at the heart of family law.It adopts a formal approach based on the distinction between facts and norms to distinguish legality from illegality.Patriarchal ethic and its corresponding living image were taken as its ideological foundation.In the age of moral and ethical pluralism,there is a decline in this stereotyped principle.In marriage law,there is a sharp increase in in-dividual autonomy and the type of sexual relationship.Furthermore,the reform of equality between chil-dren born in wedlock and out of wedlock supports this trendline.Chinese law bears its own distinctive characteristics in this area,i...closing the gate of some usual types continually while reserving other open types as a result of the pressures from social fact.Admittedly,open types in family law avoid the ri-gidity of the legal system to some extent-but increase the uncertainties of law application.The introduc-tion of functional approach and the decline of moral argument have jointly obscured the boundary between facts and norms.In another word,there is a growing trend of the overlap between the norms and facts in family law.Utilitarian consideration about the social benefit provides a fresh justification for this princi-ple.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期472-492,共21页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"中国民法重述
民法典编纂与社会主义市场经济法律制度的完善"(项目编号:14ZDC018)的阶段性成果
关键词
类型法定
功能进路
形式进路
开放类型
道德论证
The eiumeras CIOPSUSPrinciple
Functional Approach
Formal Method
Open Type
Moral Argument
作者简介
刘征峰,中南财经政法大学法学院讲师。
