摘要
特朗普对贸易及贸易协定持敌视态度,对通信技术创新的作用未充分重视。特朗普上台后便宣布美国退出TPP,这标志着美国的全球领导力在多极化地理政治竞争中的弱化甚至结束。特朗普政府更偏好于双边贸易谈判,这与互联网及数据流动的全球属性存在本质冲突。但另一方面,在NAFTA2. 0谈判中数字贸易规则"美式模板"呈现出"深化"及"扩展"倾向,近期特朗普政府还务实地基于WTO平台努力推进符合美国诉求的数字贸易规则的多边化。结合中美在数字贸易治理理念和实践上的差异,认为特朗普任内中美有关数字贸易治理的矛盾分歧主要会围绕"网络审查和跨境访问限制""数据存储强制本地化要求""数字知识产权保护""加密限制""数字服务部门外资准入限制"等问题展开,中国政府有必要努力实现与数字贸易规则"美式模板"对接,尝试对数据实现分类管理,构建符合自身利益诉求的数字贸易规则框架。
President Trump is hostile to free trade and trade agreements and has not paid enough attention to the role of communication technology innovation.After President Trump came to power,he announced that the United States would withdraw from the TPP.This marks the weakening or even the end of the global leadership of the United States in the multi-polar geopolitical competition.The Trump administration prefers bilateral trade negotiations,which are essentially conflicting with the global nature of Internet and data flows.On the other hand,in the NAFTA2.0 negotiations,the"American template"of digital trade rules is"deepening"and"expanding".In the near future,the Trump's administration also worked on the WTO platform to push forward the"multilateralism"of the digital trade rules that meet the demands of the United States.In view of the differences between China and the United States in the concept and practice of Digital Trade Governance,this paper argues that the contradictions between China and the United States on the governance of digital trade during the Trump's era will originate from the issues such as"Network Censorship and Restrictions on Cross-Border Access to Data","Forced Data Localization","Digital Intellectual Property Protection","Encryption Restrictions"and"Restrictions on Market Access for Foreign Investors in the Digital Service Sectors".
出处
《世界经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第10期55-64,共10页
World Economy Studies
基金
对外经济贸易大学国家对外开放研究院课题“代表性数字服务业开放中有关合资要求的国际经验及对中国的启示”(项目编号:2018YY04)
对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号:CXTD9Ⅱ-06)
对外经济贸易大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(项目编号:2017004)的阶段性成果.
