摘要
正确理解马克思主义经典作家的"民族"概念及其在不同语境下对"民族"话语的运用、阐释,是科学解读他们民族理论思想的逻辑起点。中译本马、恩、列、斯著作中的"民族"一词在作者原文著作中对应的词汇有德文的Volk、Nation、Nationalit?t,英文的nation、people、nationality和俄文的нация、национальность、народ、народность等多个。对这些不同类别的"民族"语汇,只有斯大林对俄文的нация(现代民族)下过定义。除此之外,"民族"在马、恩、列、斯经典著作中是作为论述或分析各种不同层次、内涵的民族现象、民族问题的单位出现,未形成统一的、内涵清晰的概念。因此,不能笼统地将斯大林的"现代民族"等同于马克思主义经典作家关于"民族"的概念和话语,后者内涵更多,范畴更广。要消除一些人对经典作家民族概念的教条式理解,除对原著中民族概念进行语境分析外,还应当细化翻译,加强经典作家民族理论文献在中国传播史的研究。中国共产党民族理论政策"十二条"对民族概念的定义超越了斯大林"现代民族"概念的影响,是中国化马克思主义民族理论体系化的新起点。
Correctly understanding classic Marxist authors' concepts of nation/nationality/people and their usages and interpretations in various contexts is the logical start point of explaining their thoughts of ethnic theories. The word minzu 民族 in the Chinese translations of the works of Marx,Engels,Lenin, and Stalin corresponds to volk, nation,nationalitat in German; nation, people, nationality in English; and нация,национальность,народ,and народностьin Russian,etc. Considering these different terms, only Stalin has defined нация(modern nation) in Russian. In fact, in addition to Stalin's idea of modern nation, the word nation/nationality/people appears as the discussing or analytical units of ethnic phenomena and issues in different levels and contents, and it has not formed a unified and clear concept. Therefore, Stalin's idea of modern nation should not be equalized as nation/nationality/people of classic Marxist authors, since the latter has more contents and wider ranges. To criticize some dogmatic understandings of nation/nationality/people used by classic Marxist authors, those concepts should be contextualized. Additionally, the translations should be clarified and the historical research of the circulation of the classic Marxists works on ethnic theories in China should be strengthened. The concept of Minzu in"12 resolutions" of ethnic theory by the CPC, which transcends the effects of Stalin's definition of modern nation, is a new start point of systemizing Chinese-characteristic Marxist ethno-national theory.
出处
《民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第5期1-16,共16页
Ethno-National Studies
基金
国家社科基金一般项目"马克思主义经典作家民族理论文献在中国传播的考据研究"(项目编号:15BKS003)的阶段性成果
关键词
马克思主义经典作家
“民族”概念
语境考辨
汉译
中国化
classic Marxist authors
the concepte of nation/nationality/people
interpretation in context
translation into Chinese
Chinese-characteristic Marxism
作者简介
杨须爱，中央民族大学中国民族理论与民族政策研究院副教授。地址：北京市，邮编100081。
