摘要
在华人组织研究中,文化取向的"关系"及"差序格局"日益成为重要的分析性概念,但已有的跨文化视角与本土化视角均相对忽略了华人组织中"关系"运行的体制性背景,拟亲缘的"差序格局"在不同体制背景下的组织领导实践中有可能发展出不同性质的私人"关系"及其结构形态。本研究通过某国有改制企业30年发展历程的拓展个案分析,在把握其从"派系结构"到"关系共同体"的组织结构转型的基础上,揭示出组织领导与骨干下属间的"关系"形态呈现为"主从关系"→"人缘关系"→"朋友关系"的渐次转型,在组织领导模式方面则相应呈现出"集权式领导"→"人缘式领导"→"人心式领导"的类型转换,其中分别暗含了不同体制背景之下法、道、儒等文化传统实践的选择适应性。无论如何,组织领导的私人"关系"实践始终构成了对规范组织制度的某种实质性替代,即使是积极性的"关系共同体"中所潜藏的个人"关系"领导也难以转向长远发展的企业科层制度,这可能正是本土组织"关系"理论区别于组织社会资本理论而得以拓展的重要依据。
In the researches on Chinese organizations,the ' relationship ' of the orientation of culture and the ' differential mode of association ' have increasingly become important analytic concepts.But both the perspective of the cross cul ture and the indigenous perspective have neglected the system background of the operation of the ' relationship ' in Chi nese organizations.In the practice of the organization leading(OL) under the background of different systems,the dif ferential mode of association with affinity has the possibility of the development of the private ' relationship ' of differ ent natures and the development of its structural conformation.By means of an extended analysis,of individual cases,of the process of 30 years of development of a certain reformed state-owned enterprise,we have,on the basis of the or ganizational transformation of ' the ‘ clique structure ' to the ' relationship community ',revealed that the state of the ' relationship ' between the OL and the key subordinates is the type of the gradual transformation,that is,' the relation ship between the principle and the subordinate ',from patron-client relations to popularity relations to friendship rela tions.However,in the model of the OL,the above-mentioned state takes on the type of conversion,that is,from cen tralization leadership to popularity leadership to sensible leadership,which implies the selective adaptability of the practice of the traditional cultures,such as Legalism,Daoism and Confucianism.under different system circumstances.In a word,the practice of the private ' relationship ' always composes the substantive substitute for the standard organi zational institution.Even the personal ' relationship ' leading hidden in the active ' personal community ' can hardly turn to the enterprise bureaucracy for the long-term development,which is possibly the important foundation of the fact that the theory of the local organizational ' relationship ',for its expansion,is different from the theory of the social capital.
出处
《管理世界》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第12期132-154,188,共23页
Journal of Management World
