摘要
目前,我国《民法典》第10条已确立习惯的法源地位,但由于习惯本身所具有的地域性、民族性、抽象性,以及司法过程中对习惯进行识别、适用的程序机制尚不健全,法官往往依据自身对习惯的感知和认识进行裁判,这在很大程度上限制了“习惯”司法适用的进程和规范化。为打破《民法典》第10条“习惯”司法适用的困局,应于前置程序中以“习惯”的筛选、审查实现《民法典》第10条与民事诉讼程序的衔接,于准入程序中以双向引入机制将“习惯”引入司法适用程序,并于后续举证程序、裁判程序、监督程序中,依“习惯”所承担之证据功能与法律依据功能之不同,在具体适用过程中强化“习惯”司法适用的论证说理,为适用“习惯”裁判之案件的司法救济提供法律依据。
At present,Article 10 of the Civil Code of China has established the legal source status of customs.However,due to the regional,national and abstract nature of customs itself,as well as the procedural mechanism for identifying and applying customs in the judicial process is not yet perfect,judges often make judicial decisions based on their own perceptions and understandings of customs,which,to a large extent,has restricted the process and standardization of“customary”in judicial applications.In order to break the dilemma in judicial applications of“customs”in Article 10 of the Civil Code,“customs”should be selected and examined prior to the judicial procedure to realize the connection between Article 10 of the Civil Code and the civil procedure.And“customs”should be introduced to the judicial application procedure by means of a two-way introduction mechanism.And in the subsequent procedures of adducing evidence,adjudication and supervision,the argumentation and reasoning of“customs”should be enhanced in specific cases in accordance to“customs”,which bear different functions of evidence and legal basis in judicial applications,so as to provide legal basis for judicial relief cases applicable to“customs”.
出处
《北方法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期22-33,共12页
Northern Legal Science
基金
2021年新疆维吾尔自治区第六批天山文化名家暨“四个一批”人才项目(100321001)
新疆大学科研启动项目“民法典习惯司法适用机制研究”的阶段性成果
关键词
《民法典》
习惯
法源
程序机制
the Civil Code
customs
legal source
procedural mechanism
作者简介
李可,新疆大学法学院教授、博士生导师,法学博士;司艺,甘肃警察职业学院助教。
