摘要
对于保证人地位的界定标准,我国存在规范论与事实论的对立。规范论存在缺陷而不应被采纳,事实论的理论进路尚存困境,亟待重构。立基于不真正不作为犯在归因上的开放式与归责上的主体限缩式结构,以我国刑法分则条文中的选择身份为参照点,能够析出"基于选择而事前现实地支配法益"这一保证人地位界定标准。在理论上,该标准能够明确界分作为犯、不真正不作为犯、真正不作为犯三者,且能够解决围绕先行行为所产生的理论争议;在实践上,该标准有助于我国在审判中做到罪刑相适应,且能够合理区分不作为的参与形态。
For the defining standard of guarantor’s status,there has been an adversarial relationship between the normative theory and the factual theory in China.Through reflection,the normative theory with flaws is considered to be unadoptable,and the theoretical approach of the factual theory is still in a dilemma with the requirements of reconstruction.Based on the diversity of attribution and the subject limitation of imputation represented in the non-real omission,the defining standard of guarantor’s status that translates into the prior and realistic domination over the legal interest based on the choice can be deduced by taking the selective identities in the provisions of the criminal law of China as the reference point.Theoretically,this standard is not only capable to clearly distinguish between the act as a crime,the non-real omission crime,and the real omission crime,but also competent to resolve the theoretical controversy surrounding the antecedent act.Practically,the standard is helpful for China’s legal system that seeks the achievement of proportionality of crime and punishment in the trial,and enables a reasonable distinction to be made between the forms of participation by omission.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期405-424,共20页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
2015年国家社科基金项目“不真正不作为犯之重构研究”(项目编号:15BFX084)的最终研究成果之一
山东大学青年学者未来计划(项目编号:YSPSDU)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
规范论
事实论
归因
归责
现实支配
Normative Theory
Factual Theory
Attribution
Imputation
Reality Domination
作者简介
周啸天,山东大学法学院教授
