摘要
法律拟制性同意能力的征表为性同意年龄。我国《刑法》将完全无性同意能力的年龄上限设定为14周岁,这与当下未成年人的成长发育状况不匹配,也与未成年人的国际保护趋势相悖。与此同时,《刑法》将性同意能力二分为完全有和完全无两种状态,这种分法也有违客观规律,忽视了部分性同意能力的客观状态和具体类型,因为性同意能力在客观上呈现出完全有、部分有和完全无的三种状态。据此,应提高《刑法》中的性同意年龄,且将性同意能力进行两类三分,即对于性交活动,将不具备性同意能力的年龄设定为16周岁(不含)以下,将具有部分性同意能力的年龄设定为16~18周岁,将具有完全性同意能力的年龄设定为18(含)周岁以上。考虑到猥亵行为和聚众淫乱性质难以认定,则更应当认定17(不含)周岁以下的未成年人在此类活动中对任何人都不具备性同意能力,17~18周岁的未成年人对此类活动只具有部分性同意能力,18(含)周岁以上的未成年人才可能具有完全性同意能力。
The age of sexual consent is the manifestation of the legal ability to fabricate sexual consent.China's Criminal Law sets the upper limit of the age of complete non-sexual consent at 14 years old,which does not match the current growth and development of minors,and also contradicts the international protection trend of minors.At the same time,the Criminal Law divides the capacity of sexual consent into two states:full and completely without,which also violates the objective law and ignores the objective state and specific type of the capacity of partial consent,because the capacity of sexual consent objectively presents three states:full,partial and completely without.Therefore,the age of sexual consent in the Criminal Law should be raised,and the capacity for sexual consent should be divided into two categories:for sexual intercourse activities,the age of non-sexual consent should be set at 16 years old(excluding),the age of partial sexual consent should be set at 16 to 18 years old,and the age of full sexual consent should be set at 18 years old(including)or older.In addition,it is difficult to identify the nature of indecent behavior and gathering fornication,it should be recognized that minors under the age of 17(excluding)do not have the ability to consent to anyone in such activities,minors between the ages of 17 and 18 have only partial consent to such activities,and minors over the age of 18(including)may have full sexual consent.
作者
苏雄华
冉芳芳
SU Xiong-hua;RAN Fang-fang
出处
《四川警察学院学报》
2023年第4期102-111,共10页
Journal of Sichuan Police College
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“幼女性权利的刑法保护研究”(18XFX006)
关键词
幼女年龄
性同意年龄
性同意能力
部分性同意能力
age of young girls
age of sexual consent
sexual consent ability
partial consent ability
作者简介
苏雄华,男,四川大竹人,江西理工大学法学院副教授,法学博士,法学博士后,硕士生导师,主要从事刑法学研究;冉芳芳,女,土家族,重庆酉阳人,江西理工大学法学硕士研究生,主要从事刑法学研究。
