摘要
《环境解释》将污染环境罪的污染情状分为环境侵害类型与人身财产损害类型,这是本罪设立以来的解释习惯。环境侵害类型是故意侵害环境法益的行为犯,由此与故意危害公共安全犯罪形成中立关系的想象竞合。人身财产损害类型属过失危害公共安全,该类型作为过失投放危险物质罪的特权法条虽然从法定刑上看是重罪,但在并未“违反国家规定”时应当做无罪处理。“故意行为犯+过失结果犯”作为复合类型符合包括一罪机理而适用同一法定刑档,其具有比较法参照,也符合我国刑法解释习惯。《环境解释》对“严重污染环境”作出了合目的的扩大解释,这既符合体系上罪名配置的协调性,也兼顾了对历史解释的尊重。
The Environmental Interpretation divides the pollution of the environment into the type of environmental infringement and the type of damage to persons and property,which has been the customary interpretation of the crime since its initiaton.It should be considered that the type of environmental infringement is a behavioural offence that intentionally infringes on the legal interests of the environment,thus forming an ideal concurrence with the offence of intentionally endangering public security in a neutral relationship.The type of damage to personal property is a negligent endangerment of public security,which,as a privileged article of the offence of negligent release of hazardous substances,is a felony in terms of statutory penalty,but should be treated as innocent when it does not“violate the state regulations”.As a composite type,“intentional behavioural offence+negligent consequential offence”is in line with the mechanism of an inclusive offence and applying the same statutory penalty,which has comparative law reference and is also in line with the custom of criminal law interpretation in China.The Environmental Interpretation relative to the legislation of the“serious pollution of the environment”is a purposeful expansion of the interpretation,which is consistent with the system on the coordination of the configuration of the offence,but also take into account the respect for the interpretation of history.
作者
龙天鸣
Long Tianming(Law School of Beijing Foreign Studies University)
出处
《国家检察官学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期40-59,共20页
Journal of National Prosecutors College
基金
2020年度国家社科基金重大项目“健全支持民营经济发展的刑事法治研究”(20&ZD198)的阶段性成果
关键词
污染环境罪
危害公共安全
想象竞合
法条竞合
包括一罪
Environmental Pollution Crime
Endangering Public Security
Ideal Concurrence
Statutory Concurrence
Inclusive as One Crime
作者简介
龙天鸣,北京外国语大学法学院博士后研究人员、助理研究员、法学博士。
