摘要
文章把康德的自由观划分为“先验的自由”、“实践的自由”和“自由感”三个层次。 (1 )“先验的自由”在理论理性中为实践的自由预留了一个可能的自由的“理念” ;(2 )“实践的自由” ,分为“一般实践理性”的自由即“自由的任意”(derfreieWillk櫣ｒ)和“纯粹实践理性”的自由即“自由意志”(derfreieWille) ,两者都具有自由本体的意义 (不纯粹的或纯粹的 ) ;(3 )“自由感” ,分为审美鉴赏的自由感和社会历史中的“自由权”(言论自由、立法自由、财产权等 ) ,这两者都被划归“反思的判断力”的范围 ,并非人的自由本体 ,但却都是人的自由本体的“象征”或“类比”。
This essay divides Kant's conception of freedom into three levels: 'the transcendental freedom', 'the practical freedom' and 'the sense of freedom'. (1) 'The transcendental freedom', which leaves in advance a possible 'idea' of freedom for the practical freedom in the theoretical reason; (2) 'the practical freedom', which can be divided further into 'the general practical freedom', i.e. 'der freie Willkür' and 'the pure practical reason freedom', i.e. 'der freie Wille'. Both of them contain the meaning of the freedom-noumenon(pure or im-pure); (3) 'the sense of freedom', which can be divided into Aesthetic Taste and the 'civil liberties' in the social history (such as the freedom of speech, the freedom of legislation, property right, etc.). Both of them can be ascribed to the reflective judgement, instead of to man's freedom-noumenon. However, they are its 'symbol' and 'analogy'.
出处
《复旦学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第2期24-30,共7页
Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）
关键词
康德
先验自由
实践自由
自由感
自由权
Kant, the transcendental freedom, the practical freedom, the sense of freedom, civil liberties
