摘要
在本文中,我阐述了理解可以以哪些方式被视为心灵之卓越状态(品质)或理智德性。在此过程中,我讨论了一个被忽视的问题,即:什么是一个有理解力的人?我说的不是一个理解自然界许多事情的人,而是这样一个人:在对别人进行评价时,她能够避免道德审判主义,进入别人的视角,并以同情的眼光看待他们。在这个意义上,作为一个有理解力的人似乎是一种性格层面的德性,它有趣地结合了道德和认知元素。在我们这个分裂的时代,它似乎也是一种特别需要的德性,因为人们普遍认为,社会之所以分裂,部分是因为相互理解的失败。
In this paper I elucidate various ways in which understanding can be seen as an excellence of the mind or intellectual virtue.Along the way,I take up the neglected issue of what it might mean to be an'understanding person'-by which I mean not a person who understands a number of things about the natural world,but a person who steers clear of things like judgmentalism in her evaluation of other people,and thus is better able to take up different perspectives and view them with a sympathetic eye.Being an understanding person in this sense seems to be a character-level virtue that interestingly combines moral and epistemic elements;it also seems to be a virtue particularly needed in our age of deep political division,where it is commonly said that failures of mutual understanding are partly to blame for this problem.
作者
斯蒂芬·格林
王昕桐(译)
Stephen Grimm(Philosophy Department,Fordham University,Bronx,10458,New York,USA)
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第5期1-9,共9页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
关键词
理解
理智德性
道德审判
知识
Understanding
Intellectual virtue
Judgmentalism
Knowledge
作者简介
斯蒂芬·格林(1972-)男,美国福特汉姆大学哲学系教授,研究方向为知识论、伦理学与科学哲学。Email:sgrimm@fordham.edu
