环境、经济与社会发展协同效益研究综述被引量：8

Review of researches on co-benefits of environmental,economic and social development

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摘要解决环境和气候问题已经成为促进中国可持续发展的前提。对于实施温室气体减排和空气污染协同控制而带来的狭义协同效益研究,国外已经开展了20多年的研究;如何从宏观角度来探究在解决环境和气候问题,同时带来持续的经济增长与社会发展的协同效益是学术界迫切需要研究的重要问题。本文对近年来国内外与环境和发展有关的广义协同效益研究领域进行了回顾,对规范分析和实证分析两大类文献进行梳理。规范分析的思路是将能源、环境等因素纳入经济增长模型中,使用动态优化理论方法,推导各要素的最优增长率;实证分析则是使用国家或城市的实际发展数据,估算与环境、经济和社会发展相关的各增长率的最优值,并将此最优值与实际值进行比较,评价实际发展的可持续程度。通过对已有研究的分析,本文指出广义协同效益研究已兴起但尚未形成完善体系,至今仍未出现将经济增长、环境保护、资源节约、公共健康、教育等诸多因素都考虑在内的综合研究(特别是定量研究),以保持环境可持续发展为前提、探讨同时实现经济与社会可持续发展的协同效益研究目前还很缺乏。广义协同效益从可持续发展视角来考虑社会福利最大化问题,能为分析环境、经济和社会发展三者关系提供一种新思路和新方法,且研究结果也可对本世纪中国可持续发展政策的制定提供科学建议和理论依据。 The priority of promoting China's sustainable development is to tackle climate change and environmental problems. International and domestic researches have been carried out on narrow scope of co-benefits of greenhouse gas emission reduction and air pollution control for more than 20 years. Nevertheless,researches to tackle the above-mentioned problems from a macroscopic view,as well as to boost the co-benefits of economic growth and social development,is yet not deeply detected. This paper reviews both Chinese and overseas researches related to broad sense co-benefits of environment and development,and mainly focuses on normative and empirical literatures. In the normative analysis,energy and environment factors are incorporated into economic growth models,and the optimal growth rates are derived by using dynamic optimization method. The empirical analysis uses real data of development in a city or a country,to estimate the optimal growth rates of environment,economy and society. By comparing the actual and optimal growth rates,the level of sustainable development can be evaluated. After reviewing the existing studies,the paper points out that broad sense co-benefits researches have been emerging but not formed a mature researching subject yet. There are few integrated on measuring elements of the economy,environmental pollution,resources consumption,physical capital and human capital in the context of co-benefits which put the environmentally sustainable development as the premise while maintaining the economically and socially sustainable development at the same time. The co-benefits study emphasizes on maximizing social welfare in terms of sustainable development. Not only can it provide a new method for analyzing the correlations amongst environmental,economic,and social development,but the outcomes of study can also serve as the scientific supporting of making sustainable development policies for China in this century.