摘要
现行执行异议之诉制度无法解决执行程序中名义股东与隐名股东及其债权人相互之间的权利冲突。建议法院对代持股权采取'别内外,论阴阳,分善恶,讲先后,重担保,防双悬,辨民商'的裁判与执行理念。在正确区分股权代持内外法律关系的基础上,基于外观主义原则,名义股东的债权人有权申请执行名义股东名下的所有股权,即使隐名股东提出异议,甚至出具股权代持协议或生效的确认股权代持法律关系的裁判文书,也不应获得支持。但外观主义原则也有例外规则。《公司法》中的'第三人'与《民法总则》中的'善意相对人'均包括申请执行人,而不限于交易关系中的合同当事人。
The current system of judicial enforcement objection cannot resolve the conflict of rights between nominal and anonymous shareholders and their creditors in the execution process.It is recommended that the court should distinguish between internal and external,between registered and unregistered,between good and evil,between early and late,pay attention to the guaranteed rights,prevent double moral hazards,identify civil or commerce circumstance.Considering the different legal relationships between the internal and the external,based on the principle of externalism creditors of nominal shareholders have the right to apply for the implementation of all shares under the name of nominal shareholders,even if the anonymous shareholder raises an objection based on his beneficiary ownership agreement or effective court rulings confirming the beneficiary ownership of the shares.But there are exceptions to the principles of the externalism.The'third party'in the Company Law and the'bona-fide counter-party'in the General Principles of Civil Law include the applicant for the enforcement of court rulings,not limited to the contracting parties in the transaction relationship.
作者
刘俊海
LIU Jun-hai(School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《天津法学》
2019年第2期7-14,共8页
Tianjin Legal Science
关键词
股权代持
隐名股东
名义股东
强制执行
债权人
善意第三人
agreements on beneficiary ownership of shares
anonymous shareholders
nominal shareholders
judicial enforcement
creditors
bona-fide third parties
作者简介
刘俊海,男,中国人民大学法学院教授,博士生导师,主要从事公司法,证券法和其他商法经济法前沿问题研究。
