摘要
作为产业工人的主要组成部分,农民工是支撑中国产业转型升级的重要力量,其工作获得感与中国经济的持续健康发展密切相关。本文主要从工作收入、工作安全、工作环境、工作时间和工作晋升5个维度来解释农民工工作获得感状况。基于中国家庭追踪调查数据的实证分析表明:农民工工作获得感整体上处于中等水平,且不同维度获得感状况差别较大,其中工作安全获得感最强,工作环境获得感和工作时间获得感水平一般,而工作晋升和收入两方面的获得感则严重不足;51~65岁农民工表现出较强的工作获得感优势,31~50岁群体与18~30岁群体之间工作获得感差距不显著;绝对收入与工作获得感之间呈现复杂的关系,相比中低收入群体,高收入农民工对不同维度工作获得感的评价最高,但中等收入农民工的工作获得感低于低收入群体,其中又以工作收入获得感尤为突出;较之于在体制外就业群体,就业于体制内的农民工具有明显的工作获得感优势,在工作晋升获得感上则不存在部门差异。
As a major component of industrial workers,migrant workers are an important force to support China’s industrial transformation and upgrading.Their sense of occupational gain is closely related to the sustained development of China’s economy.This paper explains the status of migrant workers'sense of occupational gain from five dimensions:income,work safety,work environment,work hours and promotion.Empirical analysis based on CFPS data shows that:(1)On the whole,the sense of occupational gain of migrant workers is at a medium level,and the different dimensions of the sense of occupational gain are quite different.Among them,the sense of work safety gain is the strongest,the sense of work environment and work time gain is general,however,the sense of promotion and income is seriously inadequate;(2)51-65 years-old migrant workers show strong sense of occupational gain,there is no significant difference in sense of occupational gain between 31-50-year-olds and 18-30-year-olds;(3)There is a complex relationship between absolute income and the sense of occupational gain,compared with the middle and low income groups,high-income migrant workers have the highest evaluation on different dimensions of the sense of occupational gain,however,the sense of occupational gain of middle-income migrant workers is lower than that of low-income groups,among them,the sense of income gain is particularly prominent;(4)compared with the employment in non-state firms,the employment in state firms,the migrant workers who are employed in state firms have obvious advantages of sense of occupational gain,but,there is no departmental difference in the sense of promotion gain.Finally,the paper puts forward some suggestions to enhance the sense of occupational gain of migrant workers.
作者
杨金龙
王桂玲
YANG Jinlong;WANG Guiling
出处
《农业经济问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第9期108-120,共13页
Issues in Agricultural Economy
基金
山东省社科规划研究项目和山东省委党校创新工程项目“国民获得感的价值意蕴、影响机制及提升路径研究”(编号:18CDCJ05)
2017年山东省高校人文社科研究计划项目“新常态下山东省新型城镇化与生态环境协同发展研究”(编号:J17RA091)的阶段性成果
关键词
农民工
工作获得感
多维结构
差异特征
Migrant workers
Sense of occupational gain
Multidimensional structure
Difference characteristics
