摘要
目的分析2018—2023年晋江市手足口病流行特征和聚集情况,为制定科学防治措施提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出2018—2023年晋江市医疗机构报告的手足口病病例数据,采用Excel 2019和SPSS 21.0软件分析数据。采用描述性流行病学方法分析晋江市手足口病流行病学特征,计数资料比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。用ArcGIS 10.2软件进行手足口病疫情空间聚集分析。结果2018—2023年晋江市报告手足口病病例7780例,年平均发病率为74.65/10万。发病季节呈现双峰分布,主波峰在6至8月,次波峰在9至11月。报告病例中,男女比例为1.6∶1,多发于5岁以下儿童,占83.39%(6488例)。散居和幼托儿童发病例数多,占93.51%(7275例)。手足口病阳性标本中,其他肠道病毒占比最高(83.82%)。全局自相关分析显示,2019、2020、2022和2023年手足口病报告发病率在空间上具有聚类且为正相关。局部自相关分析显示,高-高聚类集中在人口密度较高的镇街,如陈埭镇、梅岭街道等,低-低聚类集中在晋南片区。结论应重点关注镇街的手足口病疫情防控,开展多渠道健康教育工作,强化监测哨点的肠道病毒分型检测工作,精准掌握优势病原体。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clustering status of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Jinjiang City from 2018 to 2023,and to provide a basis for developing scientific prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of HFMD cases reported by medical institutions in Jinjiang City from 2018 to 2023 were extracted from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Excel 2019 and SPSS 21.0 were used for data analysis.Descriptive statistics were applied to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Jinjiang City.Categorical data were compared using the χ^(2) test,with a significance level ofα=0.05.Spatial clustering analysis of HFMD outbreaks was performed by using ArcGIS 10.2 sofiware.Results A total of 7780 HFMD cases were reported in Jinjiang City from 2018 to 2023,with an average annual incidence rate of 74.65/10'.The incidence rate exhibited a bimodal distribution in seasons,with the primary peak occurring in June to August and the secondary peak in September to November.The male-to-female ratio of the HFMD cases was 1.6:1,and most HFMD cases were reported in children under 5 years,accounting for 83.39%(6488 cases).Most of cases occurred in scattered children and children in kindergartens,accounting for 93.51%(7275 cases).Other enteroviruses accounted for the highest proportion(83.82%)of positive HFMD specimens.Global autocorrelation analysis revealed spatial clustering and positive spatial correlation in HFMD incidence rate in 2019,2020,20222 and 2023.Local autocorrelation analysis showed that High-Highhclusters were concentrated in towns and streets with higher population densities,such as Chendi Town and Meiling Street,whereas Low-Low clusters were concentrated in the southern Jinjiang Area.Conclusions Emphasis should be placed on the prevention and control of HFMD in key towns and sub-districts.Multi-channel health education should be carried out,and the detection of enterovirusestype at monitoring sentry points should be strengthened to accurately grasp the dominant pathogens.
作者
郭雪鸿
林巧莉
曾伟娥
王银雷
GUO Xuehong;LIN Qiaoli;ZENG Weie;WANG Yinlei(Jinjiang Municipal Hospital(Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian Campus),Jinjiang 362200,Fujian Province,China;Jinjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinjiang 362200,Fujian Province,China)
出处
《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》
2025年第3期141-147,共7页
Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases
关键词
手足口病
流行病学
空间自相关
hand,foot,and mouth disease
epidemiology
spatial autocorrelation
作者简介
郭雪鸿(1986-),女,本科,主管医师,疾病控制;通信作者:王银雷,E-mail:290917535@qq.com。
